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![]() RFE/RL NEWSLINE Vol. 3, No. 154, Part II, 10 August 1999________________________________________________________ RFE/RL NEWSLINE Vol. 3, No. 154, Part II, 10 August 1999 A daily report of developments in Eastern and Southeastern Europe, Russia, the Caucasus and Central Asia prepared by the staff of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. This is Part II, a compilation of news concerning Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. Part I covers Russia, Transcaucasia and Central Asia and is distributed simultaneously as a second document. Back issues of RFE/RL NewsLine and the OMRI Daily Digest are online at RFE/RL's Web site: http://www.rferl.org/newsline xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Headlines, Part II * SLOVAK TRANSPORT MINISTER OFFERS TO RESIGN * SERBS, ALBANIANS FAIL TO AGREE ON MITROVICA SETTLEMENT * SERBIAN OPPOSITION MEETS WITH PATRIARCH End Note: MONTENEGRO SETS TERMS xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx EAST-CENTRAL EUROPE BELARUSIAN PRESIDENT REGRETS STEPASHIN'S OUSTER. Citing unnamed sources within the Belarusian president's administration, Interfax reported on 9 July that Alyaksandr Lukashenka "regrets" the dismissal of Russian Premier Sergei Stepashin's cabinet. A statement issued by the presidential press service the same day said that Lukashenka highly appraised Stepashin's performance, noting that he continued the course determined by his predecessor, Yevgenii Primakov, and contributed to the stabilization of the political and economic situation in Russia. Lukashenka also expressed his concern about "undercurrents" of Russia's developments, adding that some forces "are sowing discord in brotherly Russia." JM BELARUSIAN OPPOSITION LEADER FEARS RETURNING HOME. Syamyon Sharetski, chairman of the disbanded Supreme Soviet, told "Lietuvos Rytas" that he would be immediately imprisoned if he returned to Belarus from Lithuania, BNS reported on 9 August. Sharetski arrived in Vilnius last month out of fear he would be persecuted in Belarus. The Lithuanian authorities have provided Sharetski with an escort of three guards and a car. JM UKRAINIAN HRYVNYA LEAVES EXCHANGE CORRIDOR. Ukraine's National Bank on 9 August lowered the official hryvnya exchange rate from 4.5 to 4.68 per $1, AP reported. This move puts the hryvnya outside the previously established exchange limits of 3.4 to 4.6 to $1, which were to have remained valid until the end of the year. JM MORE CONTENDERS JOIN UKRAINIAN PRESIDENTIAL RACE. Following a Supreme Court ruling (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 9 August 1999), the Central Electoral Commission on 9 August registered Vasyl Onopenko, leader of the Social Democratic Party, as the 10th candidate in the upcoming presidential elections. The same day, the Supreme Court ordered the commission to register Mykola Haber, leader of the Patriotic Party, as another presidential hopeful. The commission had formerly rejected Haber's registration bid by declaring invalid some 452,000 signatures out of the 1.17 million he had submitted. Meanwhile, Onopenko has called for the dismissal of Central Electoral Commission head Mykhaylo Ryabets, whom he accuses of giving in to "external pressures" during the presidential election campaign. JM RUSSIAN CITIZENS ON HUNGER STRIKE IN ESTONIA. Eduard Shaumyan, a leader of the Russian Citizens League in Estonia, began a hunger strike on 9 August. BNS reported that Shaumyan's protest is aimed against both the Estonian authorities and the Russian Embassy in Tallinn, outside of which he is staging his protest action. Shaumyan accuses the embassy of being passive in defending Russian citizens and is protesting against the Estonian authorities for the detention of Oleg Morozov, who himself is on a hunger strike. Morozov is being detained for 20 days for violating immigration laws. The Russian Embassy in Tallinn and the Russian Foreign Ministry both urged Morozov to follow Estonian law by applying for a residence permit, something Morozov has refused to do. Several Russian parliamentary deputies in Estonia have nonetheless filed complaints with the Council of Europe. MH EU OFFERS FUNDING FOR CLOSING IGNALINA. The EU is continuing its campaign for the early closure of Lithuania's controversial Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant by offering "exceptional" financial support. A ranking official from the European Commission, Francois Lamoureux, told the daily "Respublika" that the EU will grant 100 million euros ($107.5 million) annually to Lithuania once a timetable for Ignalina's shutdown is established, BNS reported on 9 August. The government is due to announce the country's long-term energy strategy, which is certain to discuss the fate of Ignalina. However, Economics Minister Eugenijus Maldeikis warned that "no rash conclusion" should be made, since Ignalina generates more than 80 percent of Lithuania's electricity. MH POLISH RIGHTIST POLITICIAN MOVES TO LUSTRATE LEFTIST LEADERS. Michal Janiszewski, a parliamentary deputy from the right-wing Confederation for an Independent Poland- Fatherland, is asking the Lustration Court to launch lustration procedures against three major activists of the Democratic Left Alliance: chairman of the alliance Leszek Miller, former Prime Minister Wlodzimierz Cimoszewicz, and former Justice Minister Jerzy Jaskiernia, Polish Radio reported on 9 August. According to Janiszewski, Miller cooperated with Soviet secret services, while Cimoszewicz and Jaskiernia had ties with Poland's communist-era secret services. JM POLAND ASKS U.K. TO EXTRADITE STALINIST-ERA PROSECUTOR. The Polish Justice Ministry has asked the U.K. to extradite Helena Wolinska, a former military prosecutor in Stalinist-era Poland who is now a British citizen. Wolinska is accused of signing illegal arrest warrants that allowed communist authorities to jail and execute General August Fieldorf, a hero of the Polish resistance movement against the Nazi occupation. "I am happy that the extradition warrant was finally sent to Britain, justice was done. But I don't believe Britain will extradite this prosecutor," Fieldorf's daughter told Reuters. If convicted, the 80-year-old Wolinska could face 10 years in prison. JM CZECH FOREIGN MINISTER SAYS DELAYED EU ENTRY 'NO TRAGEDY.' Jan Kavan told the Frekvence 1 radio station on 9 August that the Czech Republic will insist on being told during the first half of 2000 the date of its entry into the EU so that it can make preparations for the referendum on membership in the union, CTK reported. Kavan said that if the country joins the union in 2004 instead of 2003, as currently envisaged, this will not be a "tragedy," since it would be "better prepared" by then. On 6 August, EU ambassador to Prague Ramiro Cibrian praised the recent efforts of the Czech parliament and government to speed up the passage of legislation in harmony with that of the EU. But he added that "unfortunately" those laws "come too late" to have an effect on the EU's upcoming progress report, due in October. MS SLOVAK TRANSPORT MINISTER OFFERS TO RESIGN... Gabriel Palacka on 9 August told journalists he has "offered his resignation" to Prime Minister Mikulas Dzurinda, Reuters and CTK reported. Palacka, who is a close ally of Dzurinda, explained his move by pointing to the "unfounded criticism" of his ministry and the need to strengthen the cabinet's position. The Transportation Ministry and Palacka personally have been criticized for alleged irregularities in appointments to the ministry and in privatization tenders supervised by that body. Dzurinda told journalists that it is "premature" to speak of a replacement for Palacka, while President Rudolf Schuster said he sees "no reason" to accept Palacka's resignation, noting that before deciding whether to do so he will meet with Dzurinda, parliamentary chairman Jozef Migas, and Palacka. MS ...WHILE DZURINDA ATTACKS POLITICAL RIVAL... Dzurinda sharply criticized the Christian Democratic Movement (KDH) and its chairman, Justice Minister Jan Carnogursky, for having demanded Palacka's resignation and thereby causing "government instability." He said that Carnogursky's recent appeal for coalition unity was "insincere" (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 6 August 1999). He added that the KDH's advocacy of a return to party independence within the coalition alliance that formed the Slovak Democratic Coalition (SDK) before last year's elections was "out of the question" and that he has no intention of heading a SDK that is disunited. At the same time, Dzurinda denied he intends to transform the SDK into a "party of his own," as the KDH has alleged. MS ...AND IS ACCUSED OF 'IRRESPONSIBILITY.' In response to Dzurinda's criticism of him, Carnogursky said the premier must "concentrate on solving problems in a matter-of-fact manner, instead of adding to and deepening the existing conflicts in the government coalition." He said that Dzurinda's declaration displays "a lack of responsibility toward the country's interests". The KDH, Carnogursky added, will not follow that example and will continue supporting the ruling coalition. The KDH leader said he is "surprised" that the attacks on his party came from former KDH members such as Dzurinda and Palacka. And he repeated his proposal that the SDK again become a five-party coalition with a unified parliamentary group in the legislature. MS PROCEEDINGS SUSPENDED IN SLOVAK PRIVATIZATION SCANDAL. The Bratislava Prosecutor-General's Office on 9 August said it has suspended legal proceedings against businessman Vladimir Poor and three other persons suspected of fraud in the privatization of the Nafta Gbely company, CTK reported. The office said it will continue investigations into the case (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 30 June and 1 July 1999). MS HUNGARIAN SOCIALIST DEPUTIES ACCUSED OF CORRUPTION. The leadership of the opposition Socialist Party on 9 August announced it will refer the case of deputy Laszlo Paszternak to the party's Ethics Committee, "Magyar Hirlap" reported. Paszternak met the same day with the leadership to explain the details of his purchase of a plot of land in a holiday complex belonging to the Vasas steel workers' trade union, of which he is chairman. The plot was later transferred to his children, who built a hotel on it. On 6 August, leaders of the Socialist Party affiliated National Federation of Trade Unions (MSZOSZ) demanded that both Paszternak and MSZOSZ chairman Laszlo Sandor resign as deputies, both of whom they accused of "unethical business dealings," Hungarian Television reported. Sandor's name was included in the so-called "Postbank VIP list" of politicians who received preferential loans from that bank. MS SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE SERBS, ALBANIANS FAIL TO AGREE ON MITROVICA SETTLEMENT... Representatives of the ethnic Serbian and Albanian communities of Mitrovica, meeting on 9 August under the mediation of the UN Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) and KFOR, failed to agree on ensuring freedom of movement (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 9 August 1999). Ethnic Albanian Mayor Bajram Rexhepi told Reuters after the meeting: "Our plan was to return the population in 15 days [but the] Serbs said the deadline should be September 2000." A Serbian representative, however, said that "there is a good will in both sides. I don't know if we are going to sign an agreement, but both sides had some concrete suggestions." FS ...WHILE TENSIONS CONTINUE. Ethnic Albanians injured a French soldier in clashes on 9 August in Mitrovica. The clashes occurred as French troops kept the city's main bridge closed and installed a roadblock with barbed wire and armored vehicles, an RFE/RL South Slavic Service correspondent reported. The bridge links the ethnic Albanian-dominated south of the city with the Serbian- dominated northern part. In an effort to relieve tensions, Mary-Pat Silveira, who is the UN's deputy chief representative for north Kosova, addressed hundreds of protesters. She tried in vain to explain to the crowd that the international community is trying to solve the problem through negotiations. Later that day, local Kosova Liberation Army (UCK) commander Rahman Rama asked the people to end their protests. FS THACI SLAMS FRENCH KFOR... UCK leader Hashim Thaci told RFE/RL's South Slavic Service on 9 August that "according to all international agreements, the territory of Kosova is [undivided]...but the partition of Mitrovica is nonetheless a reality today. We cannot accept such a reality. The [ethnic] Albanians have every right to try to cross the bridge..., to go back to their houses, and to reunite with their families." Thaci charged the French KFOR forces with behaving in an "undemocratic and arrogant" manner by blocking the city's bridge. He also alleged that there are still Serbian police and paramilitary forces in northern Mitrovica in violation of the June peace agreement. In Washington, State Department spokesman James Rubin defended the French position. He argued that "at present, there would be a serious risk of large-scale violence if the Albanians were allowed to cross the bridge." FS ...OPPOSES APPLYING YUGOSLAV LAWS. Thaci on 9 August criticized UNMIK's plan to apply laws that were in force in Kosova on 24 March 1999, when NATO began its bombing campaign. He said that such laws prevailed under a decade of repressive direct rule and added that "you cannot establish a democratic society with undemocratic laws." Thaci also criticized KFOR for briefly detaining UCK Chief of the General Staff Agim Ceku and the UCK- backed provisional government's Minister of Public Order Rexhep Selimi last week for carrying guns illegally or without the required documentation. Meanwhile, Ceku met with KFOR commander General Sir Mike Jackson in Prishtina to discuss the ongoing demilitarization of the UCK. FS SERBIAN OPPOSITION MEETS WITH PATRIARCH. Leading opponents of Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic met with Serbian Orthodox Patriarch Pavle at his Belgrade residence on 9 August to discuss their plans for peaceful democratic change. Differences remain between several leaders on some key points, most notably over the nature of a transitional government, Belgrade's "Danas" reported. Those present included the Serbian Renewal Movement's Vuk Draskovic and the Democratic Party's Zoran Djindjic. It was the first known face-to- face meeting of the two powerful rivals since early 1997. Mladjan Dinkic of the G-17 group of independent economists said that the Orthodox Church has "blessed" his group's Stability Pact for a peaceful transition to a democratically elected government, the Frankfurt-based Serbian daily "Vesti" reported. The leaders agreed to take part at a Belgrade rally that the G-17 has called for 19 August. The Church leadership is expected to decide on its position on the rally on 10 August. The Holy Synod has previously called on Milosevic to resign (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 16 June 1999). PM SERBIAN OPPOSITION HAILS MEETING... Vladan Batic of the Alliance for Change said that the 9 August meeting at the Patriarch's residence demonstrated the opposition's "symbolic unity," "Vesti" reported. Batic stressed that this display of unity showed a "new and brighter face of Serbia" to both domestic and foreign publics. Both Draskovic and Djindjic said that the Church has a key role in promoting political change. PM ...WHILE REGIME CRITICIZES IT. Serbian Radical Party leader and Deputy Prime Minister Vojislav Seselj warned the Church not to give its blessing to "those seeking to take power by force." He charged that those unnamed individuals want to involve the Church in their efforts aimed at launching a civil war, RFE/RL's South Slavic Service reported from Belgrade on 9 August. The state- run Tanjug news agency said that the opposition leaders are in effect calling on the Church to "violate the constitution," which calls for the separation of Church and state. PM GENERAL PERISIC FOUNDS POLITICAL MOVEMENT. Former General Momcilo Perisic has formed a Movement for Democratic Serbia, "Vesti" reported on 10 August (see "RFE/RL Balkan Report," 10 August 1999). Its guiding principles are democratic change and the ouster of Milosevic. Perisic is expected to issue a more detailed program in the course of the week. He stressed that his movement is not a political party and is open to members of other political groups. Its founding membership stands at 50. On 9 August, Perisic held separate meetings with Patriarch Pavle and with representatives of the Otpor (Resistance) students' movement. He did not take part in the meeting of opposition leaders with the Patriarch. PM CACAK MAYOR: OUST GOVERNMENT THAT 'HATES THE PEOPLE.' The Serbian opposition held rallies in Ruma, Mionica, and Valjevo on 9 August. In Mionica, Cacak Mayor Velimir Ilic urged his listeners to oust the "political riffraff who are running Serbia and to replace those [leaders] who hate their own people," "Vesti" reported. He chided unnamed politicians who, he said, try in vain to steer a middle course between Milosevic and his opponents. Observers note that this is probably a reference to Draskovic, who wants a transitional government that includes Milosevic's supporters as well as his opponents. PM YUGOSLAV GOVERNMENT THREATENS LOCAL BROADCASTERS. The Telecommunications Ministry informed local television and radio stations on 9 August that they will lose their licenses if they do not pay their back taxes within seven days, RFE/RL's South Slavic Service reported. Observers note that many local stations are controlled by the opposition. PM SANDZAK RIVALS SPAR OVER PROGRAMS. Sulejman Ugljanin's Muslim National Council has approved a Memorandum on Autonomy for the Sandzak region, which straddles the border between Serbia and Montenegro. The plan calls for six districts in Serbia and five in Montenegro to form the autonomous region that will be part of the Yugoslav federation, the "Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung" reported on 10 August. Rasim Ljajic, who is Ugljanin's political rival, criticized the plan, "Vesti" reported. Ljajic charged that Ugljanin has, in effect, "stabbed [Montenegrin President Milo] Djukanovic in the back" by announcing the program before Belgrade and Podgorica have discussed Djukanovic's plan for redefining relations between the two republics (see "End Note" below). Ljajic said that his rival's program is in keeping with Milosevic's position that Yugoslavia must remain a united country. PM MILOSEVIC MEETS POPLASEN. Milosevic discussed unspecified political issues with Republika Srpska President Nikola Poplasen in Belgrade on 9 August, RFE/RL's South Slavic Service reported. Earlier, the international community's Carlos Westendorp had removed Poplasen from office for non-compliance with several provisions of the Dayton peace agreement. Poplasen refuses to accept Westendorp's decision. PM BELGRADE REPLACES UN ENVOY. The Yugoslav Foreign Ministry said in a statement on 9 August that Stanimir Vukicevic has replaced Nebojsa Vujovic as Belgrade's chief diplomat at the UN. Vujovic left his post for "reasons of health," the statement added. He was the Foreign Ministry's chief spokesman abroad during the recent NATO air campaign against Serbia. PM MACEDONIAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS ON 31 OCTOBER. Parliamentary speaker Savo Klimovski announced in Skopje on 9 August that the first round of the upcoming presidential elections will take place on 31 October and the second round on 14 November. The election campaign will start on 1 October. Klimovski said: "I expect that the...elections will take place in a fair and democratic atmosphere." None of the major parties has yet announced its candidate to replace Kiro Gligorov, who has been president since 1991 and who is barred by the constitution from running for office for a third time. FS ALBANIAN PREMIER WANTS BETTER COOPERATION WITH LOCAL MAYORS. Pandeli Majko told a 9 August meeting of mayors from throughout the country that "we have to understand once and for all that we are all sitting in the same boat and have the same route in front of us. This is true regardless of the coloring of the government and regardless of the name of the captain." Majko urged the mayors, most of whom belong to the Democratic Party, to overcome differences with his Socialist-led central government, an RFE/RL South Slavic Service correspondent reported. Majko stressed that misunderstandings between the central government and local government officials have led to a lack of coordination and that many mayors have not made use of funds offered by the central government or international donors as a result. He also thanked the mayors for their efforts to cope with the refugee crisis during the Kosova conflict. FS ROMANIA AUCTIONS ITEMS BELONGING TO CEAUSESCUS. Hundreds of items belonging to Nicolae and Elena Ceausescu, who were executed in December 1989, are being auctioned off in Bucharest, RFE/RL's Bucharest bureau reported. The auction began on 9 August and will continue until end of the week. The authorities launched the auction on the eve of the solar eclipse, hoping that the influx of tourists (the eclipse can be best watched in Romania) will help raise at least $300,000. Among the items sold on the first day of the auction were a black Buick limousine presented by U.S. President Richard Nixon to Nicolae Ceausescu, which fetched $15,000, and a wooden chess set which chess champion Anatolii Karpov gave as a present to the Romanian president shortly before to latter's execution. Reuters said that the bid for the latter item, which went for $2,368, was rumored to have been made on behalf of the Russian Embassy. MS FIFA ASKS ROMANIA TO PROBE OFFICIAL'S ALLEGED ANTI- SEMITIC ACTIVITIES. Michael Zen Ruffinen, secretary- general of the International Soccer Federation (FIFA), has written to the Romanian Soccer Federation (FRF) demanding that a probe be launched into the alleged anti-Semitic activities of FRF deputy chairman Dumitru Dragomir, Mediafax and AP reported on 9 August. Dragomir, a communist-era police officer, is the owner of the weekly "Atac la persoana," which frequently publishes anti-Semitic articles. One of the weekly's journalists is on trial for having published several articles of an overtly anti-Semitic nature (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 9 and 10 September 1998). MS MOLDOVA, U.S. HOLD JOINT MILITARY EXERCISE. A 10-day military exercise involving military police from North Carolina and a motorized rifle Moldovan brigade began on 9 August in Bulboaca, RFE/RL's Chisinau bureau reported. The exercise, called Blue-Shield 99, is focusing on peace-keeping operations. MS BULGARIAN INTELLIGENCE CHIEF DENIES CODES STOLEN FROM U.S. EMBASSY. Angel Katsarov, chief of military intelligence, has said that reports about stolen military data from the Bulgarian Embassy in Washington are "nonsense," BTA reported on 8 August, citing the daily "Trud." The Bulgarian press recently began reporting on the alleged theft last month of a computer from the office of the military attache in Washington, General Stoyan Tsonkov. Tsonkov refused to make any comment to "Trud." The opposition daily "Duma" on 8 August wrote that during the Cold War, "this act of carelessness would have been punished with death or a prison sentence.... Times have changed now and General Tsonkov may even be promoted." MS END NOTE MONTENEGRO SETS TERMS by Patrick Moore The Montenegrin authorities have laid down tough terms for continuing a joint state with Serbia. The regime of Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic is unlikely to accept those terms, but democrats in Serbia might find them attractive. On 5 August, the Montenegrin government approved a detailed plan that would abolish the Yugoslav federation and recast Podgorica-Belgrade relations as a loose association (zajednica) of two equal and sovereign "member states." The Montenegrin parliament is slated to approve the measure soon. It is unclear whether the government intends the proposal as a basis for negotiations with Belgrade or as a take-it-or-leave-it proposition. Top Montenegrin officials said recently that they will hold a referendum on independence if the Serbian authorities do not respond to the proposal by late September. The plan calls for establishing an "Association of Montenegro and Serbia" with a unicameral legislature. Montenegro and Serbia would have equal representation, while legislators would be subordinate to the parliament of their own member state. The positions of president and prime minister would rotate between Montenegrin and Serbian officials. The president would be from one member state and the prime minister from the other, while both would belong to the governing political party or coalition in their own state. "Bureaucratic" administrative structures would be small. There would be a maximum of six ministries with small staffs. Each republic would, in effect, have its own foreign policy and army, which would be loosely coordinated with those of the other. The two sides would have to agree to joint foreign and economic policy goals aimed at integration into Euro-Atlantic structures. Each republic would have economic independence and the right to introduce its own currency. Any joint currency would be freely convertible and would be backed by a currency board and protected by strict legal safeguards. Each republic has a veto on joint decisions, including the election of the joint president and a declaration of war. There would be a constitutional court to rule on the validity of legislation passed by the association's legislature. Montenegro and Serbia would have equal representation on the bench. The text, in fact, reads more like a dull legal document than a declaration of political principles. Podgorica's intent was to make very sure that its rights and privileges are carefully protected and that it would no longer be Serbia's junior partner. Nor would this be a new Yugoslav federation to which constituent "republics" would be subordinated. Power clearly would rest with the two member states. The joint state would exist solely to further the specific interests of each member and not as an end in itself. It would not be called Yugoslavia. The basic political principles are that the association would be based on democratic values, the rule of law, and human rights. Economic policy would rest on the pillars of a market economy, free trade, and a convertible currency. There are several references to developing ties with the EU and integration into Euro- Atlantic structures. There are no references, however, to the proposed union of Serbia, Russia, and Belarus, which the Belgrade hard-liners have so warmly embraced. The Belgrade regime is, in any event, unlikely to accept the Montenegrin proposal, which would greatly limit the powers that Milosevic enjoys within the current federal structure. On 8 August, Ratko Krsmanovic, who is a top official of the pro-Milosevic United Yugoslav Left, called the plan "an attempt to destroy our country and to provoke conflicts. It would create a situation for foreign intervention." The Radicals' Vojislav Seselj has blasted it as "illegal secession." It could be argued that any Serbian politician would have difficulty endorsing a plan that gives Montenegro's approximately 600,000 inhabitants political weight equal to that of the roughly 7 million people living in Serbia (excluding Kosova). But initial reactions suggest that many members of the democratic Serbian opposition--such as the Democrats' Zoran Djindjic and Vladan Batic of the Alliance for Change-- have responded positively to the Montenegrin proposal, seeing it as a step toward the democratization of Serbia. If the Milosevic regime remains silent on the Montenegrin proposal or rejects it outright, Montenegro is likely to declare independence. But if Serbia in the coming months acquires a democratic leadership that is willing to accept Podgorica's principles, the outcome could be a democratic state with a sound and growing economy. In such a case, might not the association become attractive to some of its neighbors, such as Macedonia or Bosnia--or even Albania or Kosova? xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Copyright (c) 1999 RFE/RL, Inc. 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