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OMRI DAILY DIGEST</tittle></head>
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<h2>
No. 202, Part I, 17 October 1996
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This is Part I of the Open Media Research Institute's Daily Digest.
Part I is a compilation of news concerning Russia, Transcaucasia and
Central Asia. Part II, covering Central, Eastern, and Southeastern
Europe is distributed simultaneously as a second document. Back issues
of the Daily Digest, and other information about OMRI, are available
through OMRI's WWW pages: http://www.omri.cz/Index.html
RUSSIA
KULIKOV ACCUSES LEBED OF PLOTTING COUP. Minister of Internal Affairs
Anatolii Kulikov held a press conference on 16 October at which he
accused Security Council Secretary Aleksandr Lebed of plotting to seize
power by force, NTV reported. Kulikov charged that in August Lebed had
called on the power ministers to create a Russian Legion of up to 50,000
men, whose ostensible purpose was to suppress political and military
conflict and eliminate terrorist and separatist leaders who threatened
Russia's security. However, the Legion's main goal, Kulikov charged, was
to subordinate all Russia's security agencies directly to Lebed and give
him the power to eliminate Russia's leadership. He also asserted that
the Chechens promised Lebed 1,500 fighters if he needed to use force.
Kulikov said he had sent documents proving his allegations to Prime
Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin. Moskovskie novosti in its 13-20 October
issue claimed that Lebed had planned to bring troops into Moscow on the
night of 2-3 October to pressure the government and parliament into
declaring President Boris Yeltsin incapable of fulfilling his duties and
calling early presidential elections. -- Robert Orttung
LEBED DENIES CHARGES. Lebed denied that he planned an insurrection and
said he intends to sue Kulikov for libel, NTV reported. He repeated a 16
August demand that Yeltsin remove either Kulikov or him. He confirmed
that he had proposed setting up a Russian Legion to strengthen the power
of the state, but stressed that it was still a draft document that was
openly proposed for discussion to Kulikov and Defense Minister Igor
Rodionov, among others. He claimed that Kulikov was making these charges
to prevent the resolution of the Chechen war. Lebed also denied
preparing a coup on the night of 2 October and claimed that he was under
surveillance, ITAR-TASS reported. On October 17, Lebed's bodyguard
seized and disarmed a group of interior ministry officials who were
shadowing the Security Council secretary, Reuters reported. Earlier in
the day, ITAR-TASS reported that Lebed had applied for a two-week
vacation, but that Yeltsin had yet to respond. Chechen spokesman Movladi
Udugov denied that Chechen fighters were prepared to help Lebed,
claiming Chechens never interfere in the "internal affairs of other
states." -- Robert Orttung
CHERNOMYRDIN EQUIVOCATES. Following a 17 October meeting with the power
ministers that was attended by Presidential Chief of Staff Anatolii
Chubais and Lebed, Chernomyrdin said that he found that much of what
Kulikov said about the Russian Legion "corresponded to reality" and
"alarming," ITAR-TASS reported. However, Chernomyrdin said he was far
from believing that Lebed was involved in "rebellions and putsches." He
warned that "homegrown Bonapartism in the country is getting out of
hand." The prime minister demanded that Lebed provide an answer to
Kulikov's charges. Chernomyrdin will report to Yeltsin on 17 October. --
Robert Orttung
SECURITY TIGHTENED IN RUSSIAN CITIES. In the wake of his allegations
against Lebed, Kulikov said tighter security measures were being taken
in Moscow and other major cities after information was received about
possible attacks by criminal and terrorist groups, primarily of Chechen
origin, NTV reported. The measures reportedly include the establishment
of roadblocks and the reinforcement of street patrols and involve the
Federal Security Service (FSB) as well as Interior Ministry (MVD)
forces. ITAR-TASS on 17 October said the Moscow police had yet to go to
a higher state of alert but quoted sources in Primorskii Krai as saying
the MVD and FSB there had received telegrams from Kulikov and FSB
Director Nikolai Kovalev ordering tighter measures. Chernomyrdin said on
17 October he had given an order to step up security but gave no
details. -- Penny Morvant
DEFENSE MINISTER HITS BACK AT LEBED. Rodionov defended his plan to
reduce the airborne forces from 63,000 to 48,500 troops as part of the
broader plan to cut the armed forces and put them on a more sound
financial footing, NTV reported on 16 October. Security Council
Secretary Lebed had denounced the directive as a "criminal document"
(see OMRI Daily Digest, 16 October 1996), but Rodionov countered that
Lebed was only objecting because he himself had been a paratrooper.
Rodionov complained, "Everybody says [military] reform is needed, but
don't reform my troops," Russian Public TV (ORT) reported. -- Laura
Belin
DUMA SEEKS TO OUTLINE CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT PROCEDURE. The State Duma
passed in the second reading a draft law on the procedure for amending
the constitution, Kommersant-Daily reported on 17 October. Under the
constitution, amendments must be passed by a two-thirds majority in the
Duma, a three-fourths majority in the Federation Council, and two-thirds
of the legislatures in Russia's 89 regions. The draft law spells out how
this procedure would be followed; for instance, it stipulates that if a
regional legislature does not vote on a proposed amendment within six
months, it will be considered to have approved that amendment. According
to Kommersant-Daily, the draft law is designed to prevent the upper
house from rejecting constitutional amendments on the grounds that no
law on adopting them existed. Opposition deputies in the Duma have long
advocated amending the constitution to reduce the president's powers. --
Laura Belin
DUMA DELEGATION RETURNS FROM NORTH CAUCASUS. The Russian State Duma
delegation headed by deputy speaker Mikhail Gutseriev returned on 15
October from its tour of North Ossetiya, Ingushetiya and Chechnya with
proposals submitted by the Chechen separatist leadership for Russian-
Chechen cooperation in the military, economic and political spheres,
ITAR-TASS reported. These do not, according to Gutseriev, touch on
Chechnya's status vis-a-vis the Russian Federation. Under a compromise
reached on 16 October between supporters of acting Chechen President
Zelimkhan Yandarbiev and of pro-Moscow Chechen head of state Doku
Zavgaev, the constitution of the self-proclaimed Republic of Ichkeria
will be extended to Zavgaev's home base of Urus Martan, although the
local administrator appointed by Zavgaev will remain in power, ITAR-TASS
reported. Chechen separatist Chief of Staff Aslan Maskhadov has
confirmed that he will be nominated as prime minister in the provisional
coalition government, RFE/RL reported on 17 October. -- Liz Fuller
SUPREME COURT REGISTERS RUTSKOI IN KURSK. After losing appeals to a
Kursk Oblast court and the Supreme Court, former Vice President
Aleksandr Rutskoi finally won the right to contest the 20 October
gubernatorial election in his native region of Kursk when the presidium
of the Supreme Court overruled the Kursk Electoral Commission's refusal
to register him, Ekho Moskvy reported on 16 October. Rutskoi was denied
registration because he did not meet a residency requirement, but the
presidium found that such requirements violated federal legislation.
Rutskoi immediately flew from Moscow to Kursk to begin his campaign. --
Laura Belin
PERRY MEETS RODIONOV. On 16 October, at the start of his three-day visit
to Moscow, U.S. Defense Secretary William Perry met with Defense
Minister Gen. Igor Rodionov for more than two hours, NTV reported. The
two men discussed NATO expansion, the Partnership for Peace program, and
START 2 ratification. Rodionov said after the meeting "I not only favor
it [START 2], I favor the next treaty, the START III treaty, that would
continue the reduction of atomic weapons," AFP reported. On 17 October,
Perry will address the Duma on this topic. -- Peter Rutland
RUSSIAN DUMA VOTES TO HALT BLACK SEA FLEET DIVISION. The Russian State
Duma overwhelmingly passed a law suspending the division of the Black
Sea Fleet and having Russia take over sole financing of the fleet and
Sevastopol, Ukrainian radio reported on 16 October. Yeltsin's
representative, Aleksandr Kotenkov, berated the Duma for interfering in
Ukraine's internal affairs, and said Yeltsin would veto the law. The
former speaker of Russia's upper house, Vladimir Shumeiko, said the law
would not amount to anything tangible because the Russian state budget,
which is currently under debate, did not have a "single line devoted to
the financing of the fleet." Extremist Duma Deputy Albert Makashov
proposed imposing a gas and oil embargo on Ukraine and said the eastern
Ukrainian cities of Kharkiv, Luhansk, and Dnipropetrovsk, as well as
Crimea, were prepared to join the Russian Federation. -- Ustina Markus
GOSKOMSTAT RELEASES DATA ON LIVING STANDARDS. The average monthly wage
from January through September 1996 was 773,000 rubles (about $150),
ITAR-TASS reported on 15 October, citing official data from the State
Statistics Committee. Real monetary income, adjusted for inflation, was
0.8% down on the first nine months of 1995. The subsistence minimum in
September 1996 was 363,000 rubles, down from 369,000 rubles. The number
of people living in households with average per capita income below the
poverty line fell from 39 million (26%) in the first three-quarters of
1995 to 33 million (22%) from January through September this year. The
difference in the incomes of the 10% best off and 10% worst off also
fell, from 13.4 times to 12.9 times. The average monthly pension was
311,200 rubles in September 1996, up from 310,700 in August. -- Penny
Morvant
FEDERATION COUNCIL VETO ON PENALIZING LATE PAYMENTS OVERTURNED. The Duma
on 16 October mustered the two-thirds majority needed to overturn the
Federation Council veto on a bill introducing financial penalties for
the late payment of wages, pensions, grants, and other social
allowances, ITAR-TASS reported. Under the bill, the state would be
obliged to pay a fine equal to 0.3% of the sum owed for every day that
the benefit was late. Officials ignoring written appeals about late
payments would be liable to administrative sanctions. The draft law will
now be forwarded to Yeltsin, who rejected an earlier version of the bill
in 1995. The total wage debt to Russian workers equaled 40.2 trillion
rubles on 23 September, almost 12% up on 26 August, according to
Goskomstat. About 7 trillion rubles was owed by the state. -- Penny
Morvant
IMF HAILS CREATION OF SPECIAL TAX COMMISSION. The head of the IMF's
Moscow office, Thomas Wolf, said that the IMF approves the creation of a
special emergency commission to boost tax collection (see OMRI Daily
Digest, 11 October 1996), ITAR-TASS and Kommersant-Daily reported on 16-
17 October. Wolf noted that the problem of tax collection will be the
focus of the IMF's working group monitoring the Russian economy, which
arrives in Moscow on 17 October. Poor tax collection in the first half
of the year caused a delay in the disbursement of the July tranche of
the IMF $10.1 billion extended facility fund. -- Natalia Gurushina
TRANSCAUCASIA AND CENTRAL ASIA
GAMSAKHURDIA'S SUPPORTERS DEMONSTRATE IN TBILISI. Georgian police on 16
October dispersed three separate demonstrations in Tbilisi by supporters
of deceased President Zviad Gamsakhurdia, AFP and ITAR-TASS reported.
Some 30 demonstrators were arrested. One demonstration took place
outside the Russian embassy to demand the withdrawal of Russian troops
from Chechnya; a second was held outside the Georgian Supreme Court,
where the trial of four Gamsakhurdia associates is about to conclude,
including the commander of his private army, Loti Kobalia. The
prosecutor has demanded the death sentence for Kobalia on charges of
high treason, banditry, and murder. -- Liz Fuller
ARMENIAN OPPOSITION NEWS CONFERENCE. Speaking at a news conference in
Yerevan on 16 October, unnamed representatives of the opposition
coalition National Accord that backed presidential candidate Vazgen
Manukyan reiterated that the results of the 22 September elections were
rigged and that the country faces a serious political crisis as a
result, ITAR-TASS reported. The opposition plans to appeal the election
results a second time with the Armenian Constitutional Court; a first
appeal by Manukyan was rejected as incorrectly phrased. Manukyan said he
anticipated reprisals against his National Democratic Union, according
to Noyan Tapan. The last two of the six opposition deputies arrested on
26 September were released on 16 October. Also on that day, an OSCE
representative told RFE/RL that the OSCE has asked the Armenian
authorities to investigate the disappearance of tens of thousands of
ballot papers. -- Liz Fuller
AZERBAIJANI PARLIAMENT ELECTS NEW SPEAKER. The Milli Mejlis on 16
October elected the rector of Baku State University, 68-year-old Murtuz
Nadjaf ogly Alesqerov, as its new speaker, Turan and ITAR-TASS reported.
A lawyer by training, Alesqerov taught for decades in Moscow before
returning to Baku. He was a leading member of the Azerbaijan Popular
Front in the late 1980s, but left that organization in 1991. In 1992,
Alesqerov helped organize the campaign for the return to Baku of Heidar
Aliev, at that time chairman of the Nakhichevan parliament, who was
elected president in1993; he is one of the founders and deputy chairman,
of the Yeni Azerbaycan party created by Aliev and which holds the
majority of seats in the present Milli Mejlis. Alesqerov replaces Rasul
Guliev, who was forced to resign last month (ostensibly for health
reasons) after expressing harsh criticism of the Azerbaijani
leadership's failure to implement reforms. -- Liz Fuller
KAZAKSTAN PLANS NEW CAPITAL. Kazakstani President Nursultan Nazarbayev
is looking for foreign investors to help cover the cost of moving the
capital from Almaty to Akmola, according to a 17 October article in
Nezavisimaya Gazeta. Nazarbayev announced the move two years ago, but
according to the deputy director of the state committee for moving the
capital, Bair Dosmagmbetov, only $50 million has been raised so far,
barely enough to build the presidential residence. Some foreign
investors are contributing to the costs of the move in order to win the
government's favor. The Japan Chromium Corp., for example, has given $1
million. Total cost of the move is estimated to be $400 million. --
Bruce Pannier
[As of 12:00 CET]
Compiled by Victor Gomez
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