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OMRI DAILY DIGEST</titile></head>
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<h2>
No. 124, Part II, 26 June 1996
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This is Part II of the Open Media Research Institute's Daily Digest.
Part II is a compilation of news concerning Central, Eastern, and
Southeastern Europe. Part I, covering Russia, Transcaucasia and Central
Asia, is distributed simultaneously as a second document. Back issues of
the Daily Digest, and other information about OMRI, are available
through OMRI's WWW pages: http://www.omri.cz/Index.html
CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
UKRAINIAN PARLIAMENT BANS FOREIGN MILITARY BASES... More than 300 of 340
deputies attending the 25 June session of parliament voted to ban
foreign military bases on Ukrainian territory, Russian Public Television
reported. The vote was part of an article-by-article review of the draft
Ukrainian constitution. Since the Russian Black Sea Fleet is still based
in Ukraine, deputies allowed for a transition period of an unspecified
length during which the Russian fleet would be allowed to remain in
Ukraine. -- Ustina Markus
...AS IT CONTINUES TO REVIEW DRAFT CONSTITUTION. Lawmakers reviewed
another 10 articles of the draft Ukrainian constitution on 24 June, but
again failed to approve many key provisions, UNIAN and Holos Ukrainy
reported on 24-25 June. The legislature approved articles outlining
foreign-policy objectives and promoting nation-building, political
pluralism, and environmental protection. Deputies rejected provisions on
the rule of law, the validity of international treaties on Ukrainian
territory, use of the state language, and a ban on formation of armed
groups. Leftist opposition to a land market prevented the approval of an
article on land-ownership rights. Unapproved provisions within articles
that have been adopted are to be rescheduled for another reading.
Legislators were scheduled to review the next section, on "the rights,
freedoms, and duties of a person and a citizen," on 25 June. --
Chrystyna Lapychak
NATIONAL DEMOCRATS DEMAND BAN ON COMMUNIST PARTY OF UKRAINE. Ukrainian
agencies reported on 24 June that national democratic forces in Ukraine,
led by the Rukh party, have collected 2 million signatures for a
petition demanding a ban on the Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU). Rukh
leader Vyacheslav Chornovil has presented the petition to President
Leonid Kuchma. Rukh activists have been collecting signatures since late
April. Rukh has long lobbied for a ban on the CPU, which it claims is
deliberately sabotaging the adoption of a new Ukrainian constitution
because it is fundamentally opposed to Ukrainian independence. --
Chrystyna Lapychak
BELARUSIAN ROUNDUP. Russian Duma Deputy and professor of psychology
Galina Starovoytova said Belarusian deputy Stanislau Shushkevich is
mentally healthy, NTV reported on 24 June. Her statement was in response
to the Belarusian president's chief ideologue Uladzimir Zamyatalin's
demand that Shushkevich undergo a psychiatric examination because of his
criticism of the Belarusian regime. According to Starovoytova,
Shushkevich's "intellect is considerably more highly developed than the
average CIS level." In other news, Reuters reported on 25 June that
liberal politicians have denounced the beating of the wife of an RFE/RL
correspondent. The woman was attacked by unknown assailants in her home,
apparently to intimidate her husband, who works for RFE/RL and the
banned independent weekly, Belarusskaya delovaya gazeta. -- Ustina
Markus
BALTIC PRESIDENTS MEET CLINTON. Presidents Lennart Meri (Estonia),
Guntis Ulmanis (Latvia), and Algirdas Brazauskas (Lithuania) only
partially achieved their aims in their meeting with U.S. President Bill
Clinton in Washington on 25 June, RFE/RL reported. Clinton did not
accept the Lithuanian formula of "who, not when" on NATO enlargement,
but affirmed that "the first nations admitted will not be the last." The
talks were not limited to the topic of NATO. Meri asked for help in
countering Moscow's "disinformation and destabilization" campaign in the
region, while Ulmanis focused on the importance of economic integration
into Europe. Brazauskas stressed his concern about changes in the
Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) treaty that allow Russia to station
more tanks in the Pskov Oblast, which borders Latvia and Estonia. --
Saulius Girnius
BALTIC STATES APPEAL FOR SECURITY GUARANTEES. The Latvian and Lithuanian
delegations to the Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly made an
appeal on 25 June in Strasbourg to the member states of the CFE treaty
to provide them with adequate security guarantees, BNS reported. The
head of the Estonian delegation, Kristiina Ojuland, did not join the
appeal, arguing that the assembly was not the place to discuss military
issues. Lithuanian delegate Vytautas Landsbergis suggested that the
Baltic states be given 600 anti-tank missiles to match the 600 tanks
that Russia will be permitted to station in the Pskov Oblast. -- Saulius
Girnius
UKRAINIAN PRESIDENT IN POLAND. Leonid Kuchma arrived in Warsaw on 25
June for a two-day trip to cement the partnership between the two
neighbors, international media reported. Kuchma and Polish President
Aleksander Kwasniewski signed a declaration on bilateral relations that
included assurances that Ukraine will not oppose Poland's aim to join
NATO. Poland in turn promised that future NATO membership will not be
aimed against any country, Kwasniewski's spokesman said. Ukraine,
however, remained opposed to any nuclear arms on Polish soil. Kuchma
called Poland Ukraine's "special strategic partner" in its bid to move
closer to European structures and said his country will seek associate
NATO membership if the alliance expands. The two presidents also signed
four economic accords, including one on regulating visa-free travel
between the two countries and the return of artwork. Also, Poland
promised to support Ukraine's bid to join the Central European Free
Trade Agreement. -- Zsofia Szilagyi
NEW CZECH PARLIAMENT MEETS. The 200 deputies elected to the new Czech
parliament took their oath of office on 25 June at the assembly's first
session. The election of a parliamentary chairman, expected to be Social
Democrat leader Milos Zeman, will take place later this week, along with
the nomination of other officials, Czech media reported. Meanwhile,
leaders of the three parties trying to form a minority government met
again and reported to President Vaclav Havel, who said a coalition
agreement could be signed imminently. The parties have almost reached
agreement on the distribution of posts in a 16-member cabinet whereby
the Civic Democratic Party of Prime Minister-designate Vaclav Klaus will
have eight seats and the two other parties four each. According to lists
published in Czech dailies on 26 June, the outgoing ministers of
finance, foreign affairs, internal affairs, and industry will retain
their posts. -- Steve Kettle
SLOVAK PARLIAMENT SESSION ADJOURNS... The parliament on 25 June
interrupted its session until 1 July, delaying a vote on changes in the
boards overseeing the National Property Fund (FNM), Slovak and
international media reported. The adjournment was supported by the three
coalition parties and the Party of the Democratic Left (SDL), which
recently said it would support a minority government led by Prime
Minister Vladimir Meciar under certain conditions. SDL deputy chairman
Robert Fico said more time is needed to determine whether the ruling
coalition, led by Meciar's Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS),
remains together. Other opposition parties have been highly critical of
the SDL's behavior, beginning with the party's 21 June violation of an
opposition agreement on the expansion of the board that oversees the
Slovak Information Service. SDL deputy Viliam Sopko was appointed to the
board while other opposition candidates were rejected. -- Sharon Fisher
...AS COALITION'S FUTURE REMAINS UNCERTAIN. Speculation about the
coalition's future currently dominates the Slovak media and will
continue at least until the parliament reconvenes on 1 July. Association
of Workers of Slovakia (ZRS) chairman Jan Luptak told Slovak Radio on 25
June that the coalition agreement remains "firmly in force," and that
"the HZDS will never have a better coalition partner than the ZRS."
Slovak National Party chairman Jan Slota also insisted that the
coalition agreement remains valid, as shown by the votes on the
foundations law and the adjournment of the current parliament session.
Luptak said the coalition parties "reached agreement" during secret
talks on 25 June. On 24 June, Meciar said that Slota and FNM presidium
president Stefan Gavornik (a ZRS member) are "unacceptable partners,"
and Slota reportedly said someone other than Meciar should be prime
minister. -- Sharon Fisher
SLOVAK STEEL COMPANY GAINS CONTROL OF INDEPENDENT PAPER. Tatiana
Repkova, editor-in-chief of the opposition daily Narodna obroda,
reported on 26 June that the eastern Slovak steel giant VSZ now has a
controlling stake in her paper's publisher, NOFRA. Repkova explained
that while VSZ already had some shares in NOFRA, it recently bought
another 49% that was previously held by a German company. The sale will
likely mean the end of the paper's independence; VSZ has close ties to
the government, marked by the recent appointment of Julius Rezes--the
26-year-old son of Slovakia's transport and communications minister--as
the firm's vice president. Meanwhile, the daily Nova Smena mladych is
closing due to low circulation, CTK reported on 25 June. The paper came
into existence on 2 January thanks to funding from the Meciar
government, which saw a need for another pro-government daily. -- Sharon
Fisher
HUNGARIAN PARLIAMENT COMMEMORATES EXECUTED PREMIER. Parliament on 25
June passed a bill "immortalizing the memory" of the martyred prime
minister Imre Nagy, leader of Hungary's 1956 uprising against Soviet
domination, Hungarian and international media reported. Most votes in
favor of the controversial bill came from the Socialist Party (MSZP),
while the junior coalition partner Alliance of Free Democrats (SZDSZ)
abstained and most opposition deputies voted against it. The bill, which
sparked emotional exchanges before approval, declares that "the
personality, behavior and morality of Imre Nagy is inseparable from the
1956 revolution, from the idea of democracy and national independence."
The MSZP has embraced Nagy as a means of distancing itself from its
predecessor, which collaborated with the Soviets in crushing the
revolution. Opponents of the bill said the MSZP had no business
celebrating a man their predecessors killed. -- Zsofia Szilagyi
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE
BOSNIAN ELECTIONS TO GO AHEAD ON 14 SEPTEMBER... OSCE chairman Flavio
Cotti announced on 25 June that the Bosnian general elections will take
place on the last possible date set down in the Dayton peace agreement.
The elections have been described as the most complicated in history and
will take place on seven different levels in the Croat-Muslim federation
and in the Republika Srpska. An OSCE diplomat told the BBC that the
upcoming elections will give an impetus to all sides to respect the
civilian provisions of the treaty, such as freedom of movement and open
media. But to date such provisions have largely been ignored, and, as
long as IFOR refuses to enforce them, they are likely to be ignored in
the future. -- Patrick Moore
...WHILE DOUBTS REMAIN. Bosnian Vice President Ejup Ganic welcomed the
announcement of the vote, saying: "we think the elections will reinforce
the stability of Bosnia-Herzegovina." But his government also stressed
that the Serbs' non-compliance with the civilian aspects of Dayton
threatens to render the electoral process meaningless. Cotti himself
added that the vote could face "serious problems" if Serbian war
criminals remain in power, AFP reported on 25 June. The Clinton
administration and some other Western governments have been pressuring
the OSCE to press ahead with the elections regardless. The White House
wants the vote out of the way before the U.S. elections in November. --
Patrick Moore
BOSNIAN SERB SPEAKER SUGGESTS KARADZIC WILL STEP DOWN... The Bosnian
Serb parliament in Pale debated the fate of Republika Srpska President
and indicted war criminal Radovan Karadzic, AFP reported on 26 June.
Parliament speaker Momcilo Krajisnik said the deputies debated Bosnian
Serb officials' recent talks with High Representative Carl Bildt and
rump Yugoslav officials. Bildt threatened Krajisnik the day before that
sanctions would be reimposed on the Bosnian Serbs if Karadzic was not
removed. Krajisnik said Karadzic would be ready to step down from office
"if it was in the interest of the Serb people," and that parliament
deputies had decided to eliminate "all obstacles" to holding elections.
BBC reported on 25 June that Karadzic will resign as the Bosnian Serb
leader at a 28 June congress of his Serb Democratic Party (SDS), while
Belgrade media reported that Karadzic has hired a Belgrade lawyer to
advocate his interests in The Hague. -- Daria Sito Sucic
...AS BELGRADE GIVES BOSNIAN SERB LEADER ULTIMATUM. Serbian President
Slobodan Milosevic, along with his federal counterpart Zoran Lilic and
Montenegrin President Momir Bulatovic, have delivered Karadzic an
ultimatum demanding his immediate departure from the Bosnian Serb
presidency, Nasa Borba reported on 26 June. According to the ultimatum,
Karadzic's noncompliance with the terms of the Dayton deal warrants his
ouster, and his failure to leave office would result in a renewed round
of sanctions against the Republika Srpska by rump Yugoslavia. Reuters
observed that the ultimatum "came after months of lobbying by U.S. and
European officials who believe Karadzic's continued presence in office
is a threat to the Bosnian peace process," and adds that with Karadzic's
ouster, other Bosnian Serb hardliners may become easier to prosecute at
The Hague. -- Stan Markotich
BOUTROS-GHALI CRITICIZES CROATIA ON HUMAN RIGHTS. UN Secretary General
Boutros Boutros-Ghali has submitted a report to the Security Council
that criticizes the human rights situation in Croatia, AFP reported on
25 June. Since the UN's last critical report on the situation in
Croatia, published in February, Ghali has said that there has been no
improvement either in investigating numerous human rights violations,
particularly in sectors formerly held by Serbs, or in the repatriation
of the 200,000 Croatian Serbs who fled to rump Yugoslavia after the
Croat offensive in Krajina in summer 1995. -- Daria Sito Sucic
SLOVENIA'S POLICE CITED FOR BRUTALITY. The Council of Europe condemned
alleged brutality on the part of Slovenia's police on 26 June, Reuters
reported. According to a report from the council's Committee for the
Prevention of Torture, "a number of people have stated that they have
been subjected to excessive force, in particular baton blows, from the
police when they were arrested." The council also requested the
Slovenian government to assert authority over the country's police
forces. -- Stan Markotich
ROMANIAN PRESIDENT IN GERMANY. Ion Iliescu was received by his German
counterpart Roman Herzog on 25 June at the start of a four-day state
visit to Germany, Western and Romanian media reported. On the same day,
he met with Chancellor Helmut Kohl, who stressed Germany's support for
Romania's bid for closer ties to Euro-Atlantic structures and asked
Bucharest to continue its course of democratic, legal, and economic
reforms. Iliescu, who described Germany as a key trade and security
partner for Romania, is also scheduled to meet with German Foreign
Minister Klaus Kinkel, Finance Minister Theo Waigel, Bundestag President
Rita Suessmuth, and other senior German officials and businessmen. The
two sides are due to sign accords on investment protection,
transportation, and war graves. -- Dan Ionescu
MOLDOVAN OPPOSITION PARTY GEARS UP FOR ELECTIONS. The Party of
Democratic Forces (PFD) claimed to be the first organization to
officially announce its participation in the upcoming presidential
elections and to have already nominated its candidate, Infotag reported
on 25 June. The statement was made at a press conference staged by the
PFD two days after its national congress, which nominated party chairman
Valeriu Matei as the party's candidate for the November presidential
elections. PFD deputy chairman Alexandru Mosanu said his party's stance
is that Moldova should quit the structures of the Commonwealth of
Independent States. He also criticized a draft memorandum for the
settlement of the Dniester crisis for allegedly "creating a state within
a state," which he said could lead to the "Dniesterization" of the
entire Republic of Moldova. -- Dan Ionescu
RECORD HIGH NUMBER OF ABORTIONS IN BULGARIA. A record high 120,000 women
in Bulgaria had an abortion in the first five months of 1996, Trud and
Kontinent reported on 26 June, of which 100,000 were legal and the rest
illegal. According to official data, 150,000 pregnancies were
interrupted in 1995, while only 72,000 babies were born. Sociologists
believe that within a few years, one out of four families will have only
one child. Among the educated, the young, and the rich, the desire to
have children is constantly declining. -- Stefan Krause
ALBANIAN OPPOSITION SUPPORTERS TO STAND TRIAL. A Tirana court charged
ten people with taking part in a 28 May rally, Reuters reported on 25
June. The Socialists, the Social Democrats, the Democratic Alliance, and
the Party for National Unity had called the rally to protest election
fraud. The rally was quickly and bloodily broken up by police, who
severely injured many demonstrators. The protesters are now charged with
ignoring "numerous and continuous warnings made by the Interior
Ministry" and with provoking the police. OMRI correspondents at the
scene of the demonstration saw no provocation by the demonstrators other
than their meeting in Tirana's main square. The government news agency
ATSH called the defendants "Socialist Party militants and ex-employees
and collaborators of the communist secret police." They face penalties
of up to 200,000 leks ($2,000) or up to three months in jail. -- Fabian
Schmidt
MOUSE CAUSES POWER OUTAGE IN TWO ALBANIAN CITIES. Two Albanian towns
were blacked out when a mouse caused a short circuit and sparked a
$10,000 power-plant blaze, Reuters reported on 25 June. The fire burned
down a high-voltage distribution center in Kruja, causing a second blaze
at a power station in Fushe-Kruje. Local power supplies were cut for
several hours and bread supplies were subsequently disrupted. The power-
plant machinery was designed to shut down in the event of a short
circuit to stop power surges but there was a technical fault and the
machinery went up in smoke. -- Fabian Schmidt
[As of 12:00 CET]
Compiled by Tom Warner
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</html |
