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Человек живет настоящей жизнью, если счастлив чужим счастьем. - Гете | |||||||||||||||||||
![]() No. 241, 17 December 1993RUSSIA ZHIRINOVSKY TO BE INVESTIGATED. The General Procurator's office told an RFE/RL correspondent on 16-December that it plans to investigate whether Vladimir Zhirinovsky has broken the law with his remarks about non-Russians and Russia's neighbors. First Deputy Security Minister Sergei Stepashin had been quoted earlier by ITAR-TASS as saying that Zhirinovsky's appeals that "instigate ethnic strife and advocate national exclusivity-or insult sovereign peoples and states" cannot be ignored. The weekly Kuranty of 16 December quoted Zhirinovsky as saying that "wars need to be provoked between clans and tribes . . . they will annihilate each other." He was referring to "the Armenians, the Azerbaijanis, the Turks, the mountain peoples, the Tajiks, the Uzbeks, and so forth." In a reference to Uzbekistan, Zhirinovsky was said to have asserted that "tribal societies should starve" and not live at the expense of the civilized Russian nation. -Keith Bush PRESIDENT IS REPORTED TO BE IMPATIENT TO GET FINAL ELECTION RESULTS. Yeltsin's spokesman, Anatolii Krasikov, said on 16 December that the president was getting impatient to receive a final vote count on the parliamentary elections, Interfax reported. The Central Electoral Commission has released figures from around 190 of Russia's 224-constituencies. Many of the voters yet to be counted are from Moscow, which is considered to be the main base of support for Yeltsin. Whereas the ultra-nationalist Liberal Democratic Party leads the vote in the elections to the State Duma on party tickets, the pro-reform Russia's Choice did well in elections in single-candidate constituencies. All in all, it is anticipated that the reformist candidates will get slightly more seats in the lower chamber of the parliament than the opposition. -Vera Tolz COMMUNISTS TO COOPERATE WITH AGRARIAN PARTY. The leader of the Russian Communist Party, Gennadii Zyuganov, was quoted by Interfax as saying on 16 December that the communists were prepared to cooperate in the new parliament with the Agrarian Party and those individual deputies who opposed Egor Gaidar's economic reform policies. The electoral platform of the Agrarinian Party is close to that of the communists. Zyuganov did not comment on Gaidar's proposal that the communist join an anti-fascist coalition in the parliament. -Vera Tolz WOMEN OF RUSSIA NOT JOINING RUSSIA'S CHOICE. The leader of The Women of Russia movement , which gained approximately 24 seats in the State Duma, has declared that her party will not form a permanent coalition with any of the other factions, Ostankino TV's "Novosti" reported on 15 December. (Observers had thought that the movement might join Egor Gaidar's Russia's choice and other pro-democratic blocs.) Alevtina Fedulova told journalists that her movement will set up its own faction in the parliament which will fight for the realization of a more social-oriented reform policy. She stated that all blocs in the parliament, including that of Vladimir Zhirinovsky, have placed social issues at the top of their agendas, and this will make the search for consensus in the new parliament easier. -Alexander Rahr YELTSIN'S SPOKESMAN ON PERSONNEL CHANGES. Presidential spokesman Anatolii Krasikov told ITAR-TASS on 16 December that Yeltsin would stick firmly to democratic reforms and retain members of his government who were capable of promoting them further. Krasikov said there could be changes in the Russian government after the opposition's success in the elections. But he said these changes would be aimed at strengthening the government's reformist wing. On 15-December, Yeltsin had dismissed his political adviser Sergei Stankevich , Aleksandr Kotenkov, the head of the State-Legal Administration of the Russian President, and Ostankino TV chief Vyacheslav Bragin. Asked about these dismissals, Krasikov said only that "the new situation required some personnel changes." -Vera Tolz GORE, CHERNOMYRDIN SIGN ECONOMIC AGREEMENTS. US Vice President Al Gore and Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin on 16 December signed a package of agreements signifying billion of dollars worth of investment in the Russian economy, according to Russian and Western news agencies. The most significant agreement involves Russian participation in the NASA-led space station program and will mean $400-million for the Russian Space Agency in 1994-1997. Russia's participation is expected to extend into the next decade and will reportedly cut $2 billion off the program's original costs. Other agreements concern grants for the purchase of American-made equipment for improving energy efficiency, measures to promote joint ventures in Russian industry, taxation, the inspection of nuclear power plants and the regulation of Russian uranium exports. -Erik Whitlock NO AGREEMENT ON WEAPONS URANIUM. While in Moscow, Vice President Albert Gore signed an agreement resolving a dispute over Russian dumping of reactor fuel uranium on the US market. However, the Washington Post of 17 December reports that no final agreement was reached on plans to dilute and then sell as reactor fuel the highly enriched uranium extracted from nuclear weapons. Ukraine, Belarus, and Kazakhstan are all entitled to a share of the proceeds of such sales, and Ukraine has been demanding that it be paid for uranium removed from tactical nuclear weapons transferred to Russia in early 1992. The Post reports that Deputy Defense Secretary William Perry and US Ambassador at Large Strobe Talbott have been sent to Ukraine to conduct further negotiations. -John Lepingwell CRIME IN MILITARY INCREASING. The Main Military Procurator has reported that crime within the officer corps has increased alarmingly in the past year, according to ITAR-TASS of 16 December. While no annual growth figures were given, there were 2,000 crimes during 1992 and the first ten months of 1993. The report claims that this constitutes 6.4% of all the crimes reported in the country over this period, a disproportionately high rate. (This implies, however, that only about 30,000 crimes were reported in the country as a whole-a very low figure. Some of the reported figures therefore appear to be in error.) The growth rate was highest in the Siberian, Moscow, and North Caucasus military districts, and the procurator noted that the most disturbing trend was the increasing theft and sale of arms and ammunition. -John Lepingwell REBEL ARMY UNITS IN CHECHNYA RETURN TO BARRACKS. On the evening of 16-December rebel army units that had surrounded the presidential palace in Groznyi in the morning returned to barracks, ITAR-TASS reported. The units had been brought in by their commanders who had appeared on Groznyi television the previous day demanding the President Dzhokhar Dudaev resign as prime minister, create a security council and ministry of defense, and hold parliamentary elections by the end of March. The units withdrew after talks between representatives of the units and Dudaev, which are to continue. ITAR-TASS cited some of the commanders as saying that they were not prepared to yield over their demands, but would not use force, and would not allow any third party outside Chechnya to intervene. -Ann Sheehy NEW TUVIN PARLIAMENT ELECTED. A new 32deputy Tuvin parliament called the Supreme Khural was elected on 12 December at the same time as the elections to the Russian parliament, ITAR-TASS reported on 16 December. The Supreme Khural will act in accordance with the new Tuvin constitution approved in a referendum on 12 December, which entitles it to take decisions on virtually everything including questions of war and peace and frontiers, and to suspend legislative and government acts of the Russian Federation "if they go beyond the limits of the objects of jurisdiction and powers envisaged by the Russian constitution, the federal treaty, and other agreements." ITAR-TASS reported the same day that the president of Tuva Sherig-Ool Oorzhak and the republican Minister of Internal Affairs Vladimir Kara-Sal had been elected to the Federation Council while a Tuvin scientist Ara-Kys Arakchaa would represent Tuva in the State Duma. -Ann Sheehy SAKHA, BASHKORTOSTAN PRESIDENTS WANT CONSTITUTION AMENDED. Mikhail Nikolaev, president of Sakha (Yakutia), has said that Russia's territories need more autonomy following the success of ultra-nationalists in the elections on 12 December, RL's "Liberty Live" program said on 15 December. He said that if the territories had more rights they would have more responsibility for the unity of the Russian Federation and the newly-approved constitution needed "correction" to allow this. In an interview in Nezavisimaya gazeta on 16 December, Bashkortostan president Murtaza Rakhimov said there were no grounds for euphoria over the new constitution, which was like a "premature baby." In Rakhimov's view the main task of the federal assembly was to bring this baby up to strength. -Ann Sheehy TRANSCAUCASIA AND CENTRAL ASIA COMMUNIST PARTY GAINING GROUND IN TAJIKISTAN. The Communist Party of Tajikistan, one of only two legal political parties in the country since the banning in June of all anti-Communist parties and movements, is reverting to Soviet-era form in publicly proclaiming the celebrations in 1994 of the seventieth anniversary of its founding. ITAR-TASS, reporting the publication of a party resolution on the celebrations, noted on 16-December that the Tajik Communist Party now has more than 80,000 members and retains its dominant role in both the government and legislature. Throughout 1993 various government figures have sought to assure foreign visitors that, despite appearances, they are not really Communists. -Bess Brown AFGHAN PRESIDENT TO VISIT TAJIKISTAN. Afghanistan's President Burhanuddin Rabbani is due to begin a three-day official visit to Tajikistan on 19-December, AFP and Russian agencies reported on 16-December. The visit, originally scheduled for October but deferred because of fighting on the Tajik-Afghan border, was arranged during Tajik head of state Imomali Rakhmonov's visit to Kabul earlier in the year to seek Afghan help in the repatriation of Tajik refugees. The Tajik Foreign Ministry was reported as having announced that the use of Afghan territory by Tajik oppositionists attacking Tajik government troops and Russian border guards would be among the topics discussed during Rabbani's stay. -Bess Brown ELECTION RULES REFINED IN KYRGYZSTAN. Kyrgyzstan's parliament, having succeeded in forcing the country's prime minister and his government out of office, has continued its course of restricting President Askar Akaev's program of democratic reforms. On 16-December the Supreme Soviet adopted a law on election campaigns that prohibits the use of party lists, Radio Mayak reported. The candidate who receives the majority of the votes in each electoral district wins, acccording to the new rules. Candidates are to be nominated by district as well. The report did not indicate whether identification of candidates by party would be allowed. -Bess Brown GEORGIAN COUPON CONTINUES TO LOSE VALUE. The coupon introduced in Georgia as a parallel currency in April at par with the ruble is losing value hourly, according to GIA-TASS. Traded at 40:1 against the ruble in late November, its value has now fallen to 66:1. Georgian Minister of Finance David Yakobidze was quoted by ITAR-TASS on 14 December as affirming that "inflation is not always destructive, it can contribute to the rational development of the economy." He conceded, however, that the sole force currently capable of halting the decline in value of the coupon was "the industriousness of the people, in the first instance of the peasantry." -Liz Fuller CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE KEY EUROPEAN STATES RECOGNIZE MACEDONIA. On 16 December several of the most influential European states declared that they are in the process of establishing full diplomatic relations with the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. While four EC countries-Germany, Britain, the Netherlands and Denmark-confirmed that steps toward full recognition had already been taken, France said it would follow suit before the end of 1993. Reportedly Italy joined the move, as did non-EC members Sweden and Finland, which both have peacekeeping missions stationed in Macedonia. Greece, however, which consistently has resisted recognition on grounds that Macedonia would have territorial designs on its northern province carrying the same name, denounced the development, sending protest notes to each of the European capitals concerned. Greek radio quoted government spokesman Evangelos Venizelos as calling on EC partners "not to reinforce Skopje's intransigence," and at the same time reminding the Macedonian leadership that the landlocked country's "economic viability depends on Greece." In Skopje President Kiro Gligorov told journalists that he was "highly delighted" by the news, but he stressed that good relations with Athens remain essential. Gligorov said he was ready to sign an agreement on the inviolability of borders to help accommodate Greece. German Chancellor Helmut Kohl, who lately has been sharply attacked by the Greek government for allegedly prodding its partners toward Macedonian recognition, remarked in Bonn that the angry Greek reaction was "something you have to live with." Meanwhile in Brussels, diplomats suggested that the remaining EC states could go ahead with recognition after a meeting of the foreign ministers scheduled for 20 December. -Kjell Engelbrekt NEW BOSNIAN PEACE TALKS BEGIN IN VIENNA. International media report on 17-December that a new round of negotiations is slated to begin later in the day under the patronage of Austrian Foreign Minister Alois Mock. As of mid-morning it was not clear exactly who will be participating, and whether the Vienna session will replace one expected in Geneva later next week. Greece had hoped to host a session in Salonika the previous weekend, but international negotiators proposed the Geneva venue instead. Greece has generally been supportive of Serbia in the Yugoslav conflict, while Austria has been friendly to Croatia and Bosnia. Any talks, however, seem likely to focus on two key issues, both of which have been deadlocked. The first is the Muslim demand for about 3% of additional Serb-held territory, which the Serbs reject unless the Muslims are willing to agree to a swap. The second is the Muslim demand for access to the Adriatic, apparently at Neum. That port is part of Herzegovina, but the population is ethnically Croat and President Franjo Tudjman has said that Croatia will not give it up. He has, however, offered to discuss free trade zones for the Muslims in other Croatian ports. European experts have ruled that Neum is technically unsuited for development as a port. Nearby Ploce in Croatia has traditionally been Bosnia's outlet to the sea, lying at the end of the north-south railway line from Sarajevo and Mostar to the Adriatic. -Patrick Moore CROATIA TO TALK TO "THE DEVIL INCARNATE"? VJESNIK ON 17 DECEMBER REPORTS ON A DECLARATION BY THE LEADING OPPOSITION PARTY, THE CROATIAN SOCIAL LIBERAL PARTY, IN WHICH THE LIBERALS REPEAT THEIR REJECTION OF ANY TERRITORIAL DEALS OR A LAND-FOR-PEACE SETTLEMENT IN CROATIA AND BOSNIA. Tudjman has frequently raised the possibility of redrawing borders as part of a broader settlement, and Reuters quotes a top official of his party as saying that Croatia may have to "negotiate even with the devil incarnate . . . to find a peaceful way out of the drama of war." The article adds that Western diplomats have convinced the Croatian leadership that it cannot win an armed conflict with the rebel Serbs who hold about a third of the republic's territory, and that Zagreb must negotiate. A map published in Politika on 8-November may well indicate ultimate Serbian ambitions, while Tudjman is known to favor the Serb-Croat agreement of 1939 as a model for a new settlement. -Patrick Moore CROATIAN ROUNDUP. War news is not, however, the only fare in the Croatian media these days. The early and harsh winter has frequently made headlines, while Vecernji list of 17-December notes that the government predicts a hard first quarter of 1994 as its stabilization plan moves ahead to tackle banking and insurance. Inflation is now expected to be down to about 1% per month, and the Croatian dinar has improved its standing recently against the German mark as the result of the government's slow but unmistakable successes. Elsewhere, the Croat dailies on 15 December noted the arrival in Split of Barbara Bush as part of an American delegation bringing relief supplies for Croatia and Bosnia. Vjesnik also reported on the composition and functions of Tudjman's often shadowy staff, while the media on 17 December discuss the killing of Croatian and Bosnian technicians by Islamic fundamentalists in Algeria the previous day. -Patrick Moore FORMER DISSIDENT CHARGED WITH DEFAMING HAVEL. CTK reports that Petr Cibulka, a newspaper editor and former dissident, was on 16 December charged by Prague prosecutors with defaming President Vaclav Havel. On 14 December Cibulka called the president a "pig" and "brute" after Havel had criticized Cibulka for publishing lists of alleged collaborators of the communist secret police. Havel accused Cibulka of organizing a witch hunt and causing human tragedies. A spokesman for the Prague Investigation Office told CTK that Cibulka could get up to two years in jail for the remarks. He would be tried under a controversial penal code provision prohibiting defamation of the president and other high officials. The provision was approved by the Czech parliament in November as part of a package of amendments to the penal code. Amid protests at home and from international organizations, Havel considered vetoing the entire package because of the controversial clause but eventually decided to sign the package; simultaneously, he asked the Constitutional Court to review the controversial defamation clause. Cibulka told CTK on 17 December that such legislation is of a "terrorist and anti-democratic nature." -Jiri Pehe SLOVAK PARLIAMENT DISCUSSES HUNGARIAN AUTONOMY. On 16 December parliamentary deputies discussed plans by ethnic Hungarians to create an autonomous region in southern Slovakia. Milan Janicina of the Slovak National Party refused the proposed Komarno initiative, calling it "a provocation" which attempts to break Slovakia's cohesion. Augustin Marian Huska of the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia said the initiative "is an attempt to usurp power without observing any democratic principles." Stating that irredentism "will bring no peace," Huska presented a proposal for a declaration which would prohibit attempts to divide the country's territory on the basis of minorities' demands. Peter Brnak, an independent, quoted Attorney General Vojtech Bacho's view on the matter, saying that the initiative is a "penal act" which can be prosecuted. Meanwhile, Erno Rozsa of the ethnic Hungarian Coexistence Movement refuted claims that the declaration violates the constitution, threatens Slovakia's territorial integrity or discriminates against ethnic Slovaks who live in southern Slovakia. The Office for Affairs of Hungarians Living Abroad has not made an official statement on the matter, TASR reports, although the office's representative for Slovakia, Tibor Szabo, said he considers it "an internal affair" of Slovakia, in which Hungary has "no right" to interfere. -Sharon Fisher MECIAR'S PARTY LOSES ANOTHER DEPUTY. The MDS lost another parliamentary deputy, bringing the strength of its coalition government down to 79 out of 150 seats, Pravda reports on 16 December. Marcela Gburova, a representative from eastern Slovakia, resigned when party members were asked to sign a declaration that they would not leave the MDS. -Sharon Fisher POLISH SEJM SLAMS 1992 GOVERNMENTS. By a vote of 146 to 89 with 151 abstentions, the Sejm on 17-December rejected the performance of the two governments in office in 1992. Nominally an assessment of the implementation of the 1992 budget, the vote in this case was a political verdict imposed by the new, "postcommunist" Sejm on the last two Solidarity governments, headed by Jan Olszewski (January-June 1992) and Hanna Suchocka (July 1992-November 1993). The Sejm chose to exempt Prime Minister Waldemar Pawlak from its deliberations despite his thirty-three days in office in June 1992. Deputies from the current ruling coalition charged the 1992 governments with "degrading" agriculture and failing to control inflation, collect sufficient taxes, or win profits from privatization. The opposition protested that 1992 was the first year of Poland's economic recovery. Some Democratic Left Alliance deputies, including Aleksander Kwasniewski, refrained from criticism and abstained from the vote. The negative vote has no legal consequences, as the two governments are no longer in power. In normal circumstances it would mean the government's downfall. Gazeta Wyborcza noted on 17 December that even the last communist government headed by Mieczyslaw Rakowski, which drove Poland to hyperinflation, had been spared the treatment now meted out to Olszewski and Suchocka. -Louisa Vinton POLISH SEJM VOTES TO RAISE TAXES. The Sejm on 16 December approved a government proposal to raise tax brackets from 20, 30, and 40% to 21, 33, and 45%, while at the same time increasing the standard deduction. If the Senate and president also accept the legislation, Poles in 1994 will pay 21% on income up to 90.8 million zloty ($4,540); 33% on income between 90.8 and 181.6 million ($9,080); and 45% on income over 181.6 million. A proposal by the socialist Union of Labor to impose a 50% tax on the highest earners was voted down, PAP reports. In the effort to limit the economic "gray sphere," the Sejm also voted to impose a fixed-rate tax on private firms with turnover of less than 1.2 billion zloty ($60,000) per year. This tax will affect about a million private entrepreneurs. Limits were set on tax breaks for children attending private schools, deductions for home repair were reduced, and, in an amendment supported by the government, Church offerings were exempted from income tax. -Louisa Vinton UKRAINIANS SHOCKED BY YELTSIN'S ACCUSATION. There has been further strong reaction in Ukraine to Russian president Boris Yeltsin's remarks on 15-December accusing Kiev of "deceiving" the world over its nuclear disarmament policy and calling its approach an "evil" (see RFE/RL Daily Report, no. 240), Ukrainian media report. On 16 December the Russian temporary envoy in Ukraine was summoned to the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry and informed that such statements are "impermissible" and could adversely affect Ukrainian-Russian relations. Mykola Shulha, the head of the parliamentary commission on state sovereignty, was shown on Ukrainian TV saying that it was highly improper of a president of a neighboring and supposedly friendly state to refer, in effect, to the entire Ukrainian parliament as cheats. According to Interfax, the leader of the Rukh opposition party, Vyacheslav Chornovil, described Yeltsin's comments as "an attempt to divert the attention of the world public from the crashing defeat of democracy" in Russia, while, another deputy, the leader of the Ukrainian Social Democratic Party, Yurii Zbitnev, called them "a concession to new political forces." Yeltsin, Zbitnev commented, "has begun responding to the new balance of power in his country." -Bohdan Nahaylo AGREEMENT ON WITHDRAWAL OF 14TH ARMY ALMOST READY. Russia's ambassador to Moldova, Vladimir Plechko, stated in an interview published in the Kishinev newspaper Telegraph on 16 December that the main agreement on the stage by stage withdrawal of Russia's 14th army from Moldova was virtually ready, ITAR-TASS reported. Only one issue, the exact timing of the withdrawal, remained to be decided, Plechko said. Plechko was in favor of the Dniester authorities taking part in the talks since the practical realization of the army's withdrawal would also depend on them. He maintained that the army's presence in the region had been a stabilizing influence. -Ann Sheehy MORE PROTESTS IN ROMANIA. About 10,000 people rallied in downtown Bucharest on 16-December to commemorate the beginning of the uprising that toppled Nicolae Ceausescu's communist regime in December 1989, Radio Bucharest reports. Demonstrators protested worsening living conditions in Romania and chanted slogans against President Ion Iliescu and the left-wing government of Premier Nicolae Vacaroiu; they also marched to the Russian embassy to renew protests against harsh sentences-including a death one-passed on 8-December against six Moldovan Popular Front activists by a court in Tiraspol, the capital of the self-proclaimed Dniester Republic. Thousands also gathered in the southwest city of Timisoara, the cradle of the 1989 revolt. Other rallies were organized in Constanta, Ploiesti and Slatina. The protests were the latest in a series of large anti-government demonstrations which began on 18 November. -Dan Ionescu LATVIAN-RUSSIAN TALKS POSTPONED. On 15 December Russia's top negotiator with Latvia Sergei Zotov told Interfax that the next round of talks, scheduled for 20-21 December, would be postponed to early January, BNS reported on 16 December. Zotov said that the legal status of the radar station at Skrunda had be settled before signing a final troop withdrawal agreement. Russia had offered to withdraw its troops by 31 August 1994 if allowed to maintain the station for six more years. Latvian President Guntis Ulmanis regretted the postponement and noted that Latvia had no proof of the necessity of the station for world security, Baltfax reported on 16 December. Ulmanis said he would like a third party, such as the UN, US, or another country, to confirm that the Skrunda station was an objective factor of security in the world. -Saulius Girnius LATVIA'S AND ESTONIA'S 1994 BUDGETS. On 15-December Latvian Prime Minister Valdis Birkavs said that his Cabinet had adopted a 1994 draft budget envisioning revenues of 526.1 million lati ($842 million) and expenditures of 565.4 million lati ($905 million) or a budget deficit of 39.3 million lati ($63 million), BNS reports. He said that the budget's two priorities are social maintenance and the continuation of reforms. The parliament will debate the draft budget on 13-January 1994. The same day Estonia's parliament by a vote of 58 to 12 approved its 1994 budget with both income and expenditures of 5,793 million kroons (DM 724-million), Baltfax reported on 16 December. The revenues will be derived from the turnover tax (2,260 million kroons), business income tax (1,326 million kroons), individual income tax (539.9 million kroons), and excise taxes (320 million kroons). The greatest expenditures will be for social (1,930 million kroons) and medical (1,235 million kroons) insurance, and the Culture Ministry (1,195 million kroons), while the Defense Ministry will get 264.8 million kroons. -Saulius Girnius LITHUANIAN PREVENTIVE DETENTION LAW. On 15 December the Seimas by a vote of 72-to 0 with 5-abstentions adopted a new law on preventive detention, BNS reports. In July it had passed a law, due to expire on 1 January 1994, that allowed for the detention for up to two months of individuals suspected of activities in organized criminal groups, with the approval of a city or raion prosecutor or the Prosecutor General. The new law allows similar detention if it is approved within 48 hours by a district judge, a Supreme Court judge or vice chairman of the Supreme Court. All persons detained under the July law will either have to be released within seven days or taken to a judge to approve the detention. -Saulius Girnius ESTONIAN INTERIOR MINISTER APPOINTED. On 14 December President Lennart Meri appointed Heiki Arike (born in 1965) as Interior Minister to replace Lagle Parek who resigned on 27 November, BNS reports. A board meeting of the National Independence Party on 11 December nominated Arike as its candidate even though he is not yet a party member. Arike, who had been a member of the Communist Party, had earlier served as Tartu deputy police chief and deputy interior minister. -Saulius Girnius [As of 1200 CET] Compiled by Keith Bush and Edith Oltay THE RFE/RL DAILY REPORT IS PRODUCED BY THE RFE/RL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (A DIVISION OF RADIO FREE EUROPE/RADIO LIBERTY, INC.) with the assistance of the RFE/RL News and Current Affairs Division (NCA). The report is available by electronic mail via LISTSERV (RFERL-L@UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU), on the Sovset' computer bulletin board, by fax, and by postal mail. For inquiries about specific news items, subscriptions, or additional copies, please contact: in North America: Mr. Brian Reed, RFE/RL, Inc., 1201 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC-20036 Telephone: (202) 457-6912 or -6907; Fax: (202) 457-6992 or 828-8783; Internet: RIDC@RFERL.ORG or Elsewhere: Ms. Helga Hofer, Publications Department, RFE/RL Research Institute, Oettingenstrasse 67, 80538 Munich, Germany;.Telephone: (+49 89) 2102-2631 or -2624; Fax: (+49 89) 2102-2648, Internet: PD@RFERL.ORG 1993, RFE/RL, Inc. All rights reserved.
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