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Plody zemli vyrastayut odin raz v god, a plody druzhby - vo vsyakoe vremya. - Pifagor | |||||||||||||||||||
![]() No. 54, 19 March 1993RUSSIA KOSTIKOV, BURLATSKY ON POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS. In the opinion of presidential spokesman Vyacheslav Kostikov, a compromise between president and parliament has become impossible. ITAR-TASS on 18 March quoted Kostikov as saying that because of the country's historical experience and the Russian national character, Russia needs to have a strong presidency. Kostikov stated that Yeltsin will soon address the nation and propose measures for adopting a new constitution. Meanwhile, political commentator Fedor Burlatsky claimed that the Civic Union has now reached the point where it represents the interests of the majority of the Russian electorate. According to Burlatsky, the Civic Union should, instead of lobbying for government positions, raise its own banner in the power struggle for the Russian presidency. Alexander Rahr KHASBULATOV WARNS OF FUTURE DICTATORSHIP. Speaker of the Russian parliament, Ruslan Khasbulatov, appeared unexpectedly on Ostankino TV on 18 March with an interview aimed at rebuffing the criticism of the parliament and the Congress in the media. In the course of the interview, Khasbulatov dismissed the criticism of the last session of the Congress for being "pro-communist" and "anti-reformist," saying that such accusations were not based on facts. Khasbulatov also alleged that Yeltsin's supporters are attacking the representative organs of state power in order to introduce a dictatorship. The interview replaced the third installment of a series of live programs on the economic experiment in Nizhnii Novgorod; the first two installments had been duly broadcast on 16 and 17 March. At the same time, the second Russian TV channel informed viewers that the regular show, "Opposition," will no longer be broadcast, and that the scheduled program would be replaced with a live round-table discussion from the leaders of three major political blocks, entitled "Before and After the Congress." Julia Wishnevsky WORLD BANK LOAN TO RUSSIA ON SCHEDULE. Senior officials of the World Bank told an RFE/RL correspondent on 18 March that the Bank's next scheduled loan to Russia is on track and should be completed by late spring. The loan, for about $500 million, is to help finance an oil and gas development project in Siberia. This contradicts an earlier report that negotiations on the loan were behind schedule (see the RFE/RL Daily Report for 18 March). Robert Lyle and Keith Bush G-7 MINISTERIAL MEETING ON AID TO RUSSIA. Japanese Foreign Minister Michio Watanabe said on 19 March that his country anticipates hosting a ministerial meeting of the Group of Seven countries around 19 April to discuss emergency aid to Russia, Kyodo in English reported. The meeting would take place shortly before the plebiscite that President Yeltsin wishes to hold on 25 April (if this indeed goes ahead) and would be intended as a show of support for the Russian president and his reform program. Watanabe said that Japan is not considering an emergency G-7 summit separate from the already scheduled G-7 summit in July in Tokyo. A senior Russian official will probably be invited to attend the ministerial meeting. Keith Bush BOSNIA: "MUST BE A UN OPERATION." Deputy Foreign Minister Vitalii Churkin said on 18 March that any international military intervention in Bosnia-Herzegovina must be undertaken under full control of the United Nations. "We want it to be a UN operation, and a lot of other countries (including France) support our position. The UN must not simply be used as cover for the conduct of the operation, but rather the UN must fully control it." Churkin added that it would be possible to use some elements of infrastructures belonging to other organizations such as NATO, ITAR-TASS reported. Churkin reiterated Russia's potential willingness to take part in a military operation in Bosnia, in keeping with Yeltsin's eight-point peace plan presented to the UN on 24 February. Currently NATO planners are formulating plans for incorporating Russian military contingents into a potential peacekeeping force for Bosnia. Suzanne Crow KHASBULATOV TOUR OF CIS. Russian parliamentary speaker Ruslan Khasbulatov started a tour of the CIS states on 18 March with a stop in Minsk. Khasbulatov, who heads a Russian delegation, traveled in his capacity as chief of the CIS Interparliamentary Assembly. During talks with Belarusian officials, Khasbulatov said that economics must serve as the basis for Russo-Belarusian relations. He added that CIS parliaments should tackle problems of concern to the population of the Commonwealth. On 19 March, Khasbulatov is expected in Kiev, Izvestiya and Reuters reported on 18 March. Suzanne Crow GORBACHEV AGAINST WEAKENING OF PRESIDENTIAL POWERS. Ex-Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev has criticized the Congress for curtailing presidential powers. Gorbachev was quoted by ITAR-TASS on 18 March as saying that the weakening of presidential powers does not correspondent with the country's interests. Gorbachev stated that it is time to reelect the president and parliament already this spring "before it is too late". He claimed that the president and the present deputies have lost the capability to generate policy and have exhausted themselves. He said that he himself is not considering submitting his candidacy for any political positions. Gorbachev went to Nizhnii Novgorod at the invitation of the local administration in search of possible investments for the Gorbachev foundation. Alexander Rahr RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS BOUGHT, STOLEN. Ostankino TV on 18 March reported that a US team from the Department of Energy was visiting the Mayak nuclear plant in Chelyabinsk-65 in order to conclude an agreement to purchase Plutonium-238 for use in nuclear power reactors for space probes. Plutonium-238 is not usable in bombs, and the US Department of Energy has been interested in purchasing the material from Russia because of the purity of the Russian material. The same broadcast reported that three containers of Cesium-137 had disappeared from a plant in Ukraine and that the local police were publishing appeals for the materials to be returned. The theft of radioactive materials has increased lately as thieves believe they can be sold for large sums in the West, even though there is no market for the materials. John Lepingwell RUSSIA ON NORTH KOREAN NUCLEAR PROGRAM. While Russia reacted immediately to North Korea's withdrawal from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty on March 12 by expressing its "great concern" and calling for North Korea to "consider the consequences" and reverse its position, it has subsequently chosen to conduct quiet diplomacy. Russia has in the past year pressured North Korea to allow International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections, most recently sending diplomat Georgii Kunadze to Pyongyang in late January to represent directly President Yeltsin's concern over the issue. As part of the Governing Board of the IAEA, Russia has supported recent attempts to convince North Korea to reconsider its position, and supported the 19 March decision requiring that IAEA special inspections be conducted by the end of March. Yet Russia's influence is somewhat limited, as in the past year Russia has distanced itself from North Korea by refusing to sell weapons on credit, refusing to supply offensive weapons, and calling for a renegotiation of the 1961 Mutual Assistance Treaty, which committed the Soviet Union to come to North Korea's aid if the latter were attacked. John Lepingwell TRANSCAUCASIA AND CENTRAL ASIA ZIL ASSETS AUCTIONED OFF. The largest company yet to be privatized in Russia began selling off 35% of its assets for vouchers this week, various Western and Russian news agencies reported. The company which produces limousines, trucks, buses and refrigerators, has some fifteen plants and employs more than 100,000 workers across the country. The auction was also notable as being the first nationwide sale of assets. One hundred offices have been opened throughout the country to accept bids from voucher holders. Dmitrii Vasiliev, deputy chairman of the State Property Fund, stated on 15 March that the sale of state assets is accelerating, with twenty enterprises privatized in December, ninety in January, 190 in February and an expected 300 in March. Erik Whitlock GEORGIAN PARLIAMENT ACCUSES RUSSIA OF WAGING UNDECLARED WAR. Repeated attempts by Abkhaz forces to launch a new offensive across the Gumista river north of Sukhumi during the night of 1718 March were repulsed , according to the Press Center of the Georgian armed forces in Abkhazia, as quoted by ITAR-TASS. An Abkhaz parliament spokesman claimed that Georgia was deploying additional forces in preparation for a new offensive. Georgian parliament chairman Eduard Shevardnadze sent a personal letter to Russian President Yeltsin offering to meet with him in Moscow to discuss the Abkhaz situation. In an appeal to the UN and the European Parliament, the Georgian parliament accused Russia of waging an undeclared war against Georgia with the aim of detaching Abkhazia from the rest of Georgia. Speaking to journalists aboard a Russian aircraft carrier, Russian Defense Minister Grachev claimed that Georgia is deploying Su-25 aircraft painted in the colors of the Russian air force in air raids against civilian targets in Abkhazia, Reuters reported, quoting ITAR-TASS. Liz Fuller KYRGYZ VICE PRESIDENT UNDER INVESTIGATION. A commission, consisting of members of Kyrgyzstan's President Askar Akaev's staff, has been set up to look into charges that Vice President Feliks Kulov has been engaged in shady business dealings, ITAR-TASS reported on 18 March. Kulov, who enjoyed great popularity due to his skillful defusing of interethnic tensions in the Kyrgyz capital in 1990, has been at the center of scandal since mid-1992 when he was accused of exceeding his authority by promising Kyrgyz troops for peacekeeping duty in Tajikistan without authorization from the Kyrgyz legislature. Another scandal centered on his sale of weaponry to Tajikistan. The most recent charges, which were publicized in Izvestiya and on Russian TV, involve Kulov's role in the export of metals, including copper, aluminum, steel, and silver, that are in short supply in Kyrgyzstan. Bess Brown KYRGYZSTAN TO INTRODUCE OWN CURRENCY? RUSSIAN NEWS AGENCIES QUOTING "RELIABLE SOURCES" IN KYRGYZSTAN REPORTED ON 18 MARCH THAT A CLOSED MEETING OF THE COUNTRY'S GOVERNMENT DISCUSSED THE ISSUE OF INTRODUCING A SEPARATE CURRENCY. According to these reports, notes have already been printed in London and are waiting to be picked up by the head of Kyrgyzstan's National Bank. Associates of President Askar Akaev refused to confirm or deny the stories, although Akaev had told a group of workers a day earlier that Kyrgyzstan would definitely introduce its own currency. Akaev has been a supporter of the ruble zone in the CIS states, not least because the international financial organizations that are trying to help Kyrgyzstan overcome the collapse of its economy have generally discouraged the introduction of a national currency. Bess Brown BADAKHSHAN LEGISLATURE MAKES DEMANDS OF DUSHANBE. The legislative council of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast in the Pamirs in Tajikistan's southeast corner told the Presidium of Tajikistan's Supreme Soviet on 18 March that it would support the country's present government but demanded that government troops not be sent to Badakhshan without the knowledge and approval of the council, Khovar-TASS reported. The deputies called for Russian troops to be sent to the region to help the local authorities secure the border with Afghanistan. The oblast council also chose a new chairman, Garibsho Shabozov, to replace Akbarsho Iskandarov, who had been chairman of Tajikistan's Supreme Soviet prior to November 1992. Iskandarov is reported to have been named Tajikistan's first ambassador to Turkmenistan. Bess Brown CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE SEJM REJECTS MASS PRIVATIZATION PLAN. On 18 March by a vote of 203 to 181, with 9 abstentions, the lower house of the Polish parliament rejected the government's plan to privatize at a single stroke 600 state-owned enterprises. The vote, which came after nearly two years of preparations for the mass privatization, left Poland without any viable legal framework for transferring large state plants into private hands. The plan was regarded as the centerpiece of efforts to establish a market economy. The Sejm's decision has also highlighted the political fragility of the parliamentary coalition supporting the government: several coalition deputies, particularly from the nationalistic Christian National Union, voted against the government on the grounds that the plan would provide foreigners with excessive power over the national economy. The plan was also opposed by the former communists and various right-wing opposition groups. PAP reports on 19 March that Prime Minister Hanna Suchocka vows to continue efforts to privatize state enterprises and fight for parliamentary approval of the plan. Opposition politicians said, however, that the defeat of the plan could seriously undermine the government's effectiveness and might open the way for new parliamentary elections. Jan de Weydenthal UN RELIEF FAILS TO REACH SREBRENICA. Western agencies reported on 18 March that a UN relief aid convoy will make another attempt to take humanitarian aid to the besieged eastern Bosnian town of Srebrenica. UN officials said Bosnian Serbs, who have been blocking the convoy, have again given assurances that they will let it pass. Serb officials explained that UNPROFOR broke an agreement by traveling without notification on a route on the Bosnian side of the Drina River instead of taking another road. Meanwhile, Bosnian Serb forces have launched a major offensive in the region, prompting Bosnian President Alija Izetbegovic to storm out of UN-mediated peace talks in New York. He told reporters his delegation will not return to the table until the Serbs halt their offensive. Radio Bosnia reported earlier that Izetbegovic is close to signing the Vance-Owen plan but noted he remains opposed to a Serb role in governing Sarajevo province. Milan Andrejevich ROMANIA CALLS FOR TALKS ON THE BALKANS. On a visit in London on 17 March Foreign Minister Theodor Melescanu suggested that a full-scale Balkan conference be called to discuss the problems of the region once a peace agreement settling the future of Bosnia-Herzegovina has been concluded. The Financial Times wrote on 18 March that Melescanu suggested the conference should be attended not only by the Balkan countries, but also by European Community members, the USA, Russia and other countries concerned with the problems of former Yugoslavia. In Bucharest it was announced on 18 March that Melescanu will visit Italy and the Vatican next week. Michael Shafir NATO DELEGATION VISITS IRON GATES. A NATO delegation headed by Jose Lelou, chairman of the NATO subcommission for cooperation in defense and security matters, visited the Iron Gate Two dam on the Danube on 18 March, Radio Bucharest reports. Romanian officials explained problems with the river traffic and the implementation of the UN embargo against rump Yugoslavia. President Ion Iliescu received the members of the delegation and confirmed that Romania respects the embargo. The delegation will present a report to the North Atlantic Council. Michael Shafir BANK SCANDAL HITS SERBIAN SOCIALIST PARTY. The Executive Committee of Serbia's ruling Socialist Party (SPS) ordered the Belgrade local party organization to return a DM 200,000 (about $125,000) campaign donation from Jezdimir Vasiljevic, owner of the defunct Jugoskandik Bank, who fled to Israel last week. The money is to be refunded to "deceived" depositors, and especially those with the smallest accounts. Vasiljevic accused the SPS of blackmailing him into making the donation, but an SPS spokesman denied Vasiljevic's allegations, calling them "slander." The Jugoskandik affair has led to the arrest of two recently appointed Serbian government ministers. Several top officials, including Radoman Bozovic, chairman of the federal Chamber of Citizens, are under investigation. Milan Andrejevich SANCTIONS BITE TANJUG. Politika reported on 18 March that the Yugoslav news agency is in "serious financial difficulties" due largely to inflation and overdue customer bills, woes linked in part to international sanctions. Tanjug reports that it is unable to pay its bills for the first quarter of 1993 and that employee salaries are in jeopardy. The agency also warned of a possible collapse of a large section of the Yugoslav media and said it might be forced to suspend service to its worst debtors, which include government offices, embassies, and foreign news agencies. Milan Andrejevich HOOLIGANS REIGN IN BELGRADE SCHOOLS. Belgrade media on 16 and 17 March reported extensively on the unsafe conditions in Belgrade's primary and middle schools. Radio B92 commented that the situation is like what one sees on American TV news. Politika ekspres writes that 7th graders in one "respectable" middle school burned text books and severely beat their teacher because of a dispute over homework assignments. On a daily basis, police receive calls from school officials complaining that gangs of fifth and sixth graders rob classmates of expensive athletic shoes and designer sportswear. Belgrade school officials have hired private security agencies to patrol the schools. Police officials say many of the hooligans are refugees from Croatia and Bosnia. Milan Andrejevich CERNAK ON SLOVAK ECONOMY. The Slovak economy is "like a car that is running out of gas," said Economy Minister Ludovit Cernak on 18 March. Cernak, who is also the chairman of the Slovak National Party, was speaking to reporters in Bratislava after announcing earlier in the day that he would resign on 19 March in protest against some of the policies of the government of Vladimir Meciar. Cernak said the country's finances are "endangered" and that Slovakia has a negative foreign trade balance. He argued that any measures other than the devaluation of the Slovak currency "only prolong the state of agony." Cernak also cautioned against the introduction of trade barriers in the form of special tariffs as planned by the government in an effort to limit imports. He said Slovakia should not renege on commitments that it has as a member of international organizations and that it accepted when it signed a customs union agreement with the Czech Republic. Jiri Pehe MECIAR SAYS CZECH DECISION ON SHARES IS BLACKMAIL. Slovak Prime Minister Vladimir Meciar said on 18 March that the Czech government's decision to postpone issuing shares in privatized Czech firms to Slovak citizens before some outstanding property issues between the two republics are solved amounts to blackmail. At a parliament session Meciar said that the measure is "an unacceptable form of pressure on our administration and discrimination against the property of Slovak citizens." He added that the decision violates international law and agreements between the two countries on the protection of investments. The Slovak government has also criticized the measure as unjustified and President Michal Kovac announced that he plans to take up the issue with his Czech counterpart Vaclav Havel. Jan Obrman POPULARITY OF MDS DECREASING DRAMATICALLY. According to an opinion poll conducted by the Slovak Statistical Office at the end of February and published on 18 March, the popularity of Prime Minister Vladimir Meciar's Movement for a Democratic Slovakia continues to decrease. While the MDS received well over 37% of the vote in the June 1992 elections, it was supported by only 24% in January and 18% in February of 1993. At the same time, the number of citizens who favor no political party increased from 31% in January to 36% in February. While the excommunist Party of the Democratic Left has stabilized its base of support around 14%, the Slovak Nationalist Party has been gaining slightly and currently commands the support of about 9% of the electorate. Earlier opinion polls have indicated that Meciar's own popularity is also decreasing continuously while that of other politicians, including President Michal Kovac and Foreign Minister Milan Knazko, is on the increase. Jan Obrman ZHELEV SAYS UDF LEADERS SHOULD RESIGN, NOT HE. Responding to recent calls by leaders of the Union of Democratic Forces to step down, Bulgarian President Zhelyu Zhelev said in a TV address on 18 March that resignation would be more appropriate for those politicians who "legally won the elections, but later abandoned the executive power . . . [and] . . . lost their parliamentary majority." Zhelev, a cofounder of the anticommunist alliance in December 1989, insisted that the UDF leadership has no one but itself to blame for having limited the coalition's influence in Bulgarian society and "turning . . . [it] . . . into a second-rate political force." On the previous day Vice President Blaga Dimitrova told Standart she is ready to mediate the conflict, but that she fears none of the parties is "yet ripe for such a meeting". Kjell Engelbrekt BULGARIAN STATE OFFICIALS OUSTED. On 18 March the government decided to remove two top state officials from their posts. BTA reports. Government spokesman Raycho Raykov said Stefan Sofiyanski, head of Bulgarian telecommunications, had been dismissed because of "disloyalty to the government" as evidenced by his participation in an antigovernment UDF demonstration on 3 March. A last-minute appeal on behalf of Sofiyanski by the parliamentary committee on radio and television--representing all three parties in the assembly-- had no effect. By contrast, Raykov said the director of the Committee on Tourism, Slaveyko Bozhinov, had lost his job due to "lack of professionalism." Prime Minister Lyuben Berov has also proposed the sacking of BTA Director Ivo Indzhev, but that decision was postponed until next week. Kjell Engelbrekt HUNGARIAN RADIO CHAMBER GOES TO COURT. The Radio Chamber, an organization representing the interests of employees at Hungarian radio, is seeking a Constitutional Court ruling on a government resolution concerning the radio and its new by-laws, MTI reported on 19 March. The chamber says that it is unconstitutional for the resolution to require that the radio's by-laws be approved by the government and finds that the by-laws restrict the freedom of opinion of reporters. Radio Chairman Csaba Gombar recently resigned under government pressure, and the new by-laws were worked out by the deputy chairman, who has the government's support. Edith Oltay UNEMPLOYMENT IN POLAND. By the end of February the number of unemployed in Poland reached 2,626,000, or 132,000 more than in January and 14.2% of the entire work force. According to a Polish TV report of 17 March, more than 50% of all unemployed are women. The regions most affected were the agricultural areas in the north, where almost 22% of the work force could not find jobs. Jan de Weydenthal STATE-BUILDING IN THE CRIMEA. The Crimean parliament has begun hearings devoted to the principles of building constitutional organs of power in the autonomous republic, Radio Ukraine reported on 18 March. The hearings, chaired by parliamentary speaker Mykola Bahrov, focused on three draft laws: on public associations, elections to parliament, and presidential elections. The report notes that such hearings are being held for the first time in the Crimea. Roman Solchanyk UKRAINE AND RUSSIAN UNABLE TO AGREE ON GAS PRICES. The latest round of negotiations in Moscow over prices on Ukrainian imports of Russian natural gas has ended unsuccessfully. According to Reuters on 18 March, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Aleksandr Shokhin said that Ukraine has refused two proposals. Under the first Ukraine would pay 26,700 rubles per 1,000 cubic meters (about 60% of the world price) of gas for the next half year and guarantee transit deliveries to the West. Another proposal would have had Russia selling to Ukraine for 15,600 rubles (about 35% of the world price) until 30 April with firmer commitments on deliveries and future prices to be worked out later. According to Izvestiya on 18 March, Russia sells its natural gas for as little as 15,000 rubles per 1,000 cubic meters, or about 33% of the world price, to other signatory states of the CIS customs union treaty No date for future negotiations between Russia and Ukraine has been set. Erik Whitlock ESTONIAN PARLIAMENT REJECTS DEFENSE PLAN. BNS reported on 18 March that earlier that day a comprehensive defense program failed to win Parliament's endorsement. The government was asked to file separate defense bills. Ants Laaneots, chief of general staff of the Estonian defense forces, commented that for over a year and a half Estonia "has been building a house without a blueprint." Some deputies reportedly feel that the rejection of the program can be interpreted as a demonstration of no-confidence in Secretary of Defense Hain Rebas. Dzintra Bungs UN URGES ABSTENTION FROM DECLARATIONS ON PEOPLES IN BALTICS. Mohammed Ennaceur, chairman of the UN Commission on Human Rights, has issued an appeal, dated 10 March, urging all concerned parties to abstain from any official declaration or actions that might adversely affect confidence-building among people living in the Baltic States. Heretofore, Russia had wanted the UN to issue a critical statement concerning the human rights of Russians living in the Baltic States. He invited everyone concerned to seek acceptable solutions through peaceful means and said that such solutions should be in conformity with principles of justice and international law. Ennaceur added that he is acting at the request of Estonia and Latvia which, he said, want to strengthen their political institutions and national cultures. Dzintra Bungs LATVIAN-RUSSIAN TALKS END INCONCLUSIVELY. Radio Riga reported that the latest round of Latvian-Russian talks concluded in Moscow on 18 March with progress on some of the specific issues related to the withdrawal of Russian troops from Latvia, but not agreement on a timetable and completion date for the troop pullout. Latvia's Minister of State Janis Dinevics that the session had been a stormy one and from the start it was clear that the major agreements would not be concluded at this time. The next round of talks is scheduled for 26-28 April in Riga. Dzintra Bungs LITHUANIAN CONSTITUTIONAL COURT APPROVED. On 18 March the Seimas approved the nominations of the five remaining members of the Constitutional Court, Algirdas Gailiunas, Zigmas Lemnickas, and Pranas Rasimavicius, proposed by Seimas chairman Ceslovas Jursenas, and Stasys Staciokas and Teodora Staugaitiene, proposed by Supreme Court chairman Mindaugas Losys, Radio Lithuania reports. On 16 March it had approved the nominations by President Algirdas Brazauskas of Kestutis Lapinskas, Vladas Pavilionis, and Stasys Sedbaras and on 17 February Losys's nomination of Juozas Zilys. The Seimas still has to approve the chairman of the court, who will be proposed by Brazauskas. Saulius Girnius LITHUANIA RAISES SALARIES, PENSIONS, AND BENEFITS. On 17 March the government decided that starting 1 April the salaries of state employees will increase by an average of 15% , pensions by 20%, and unemployment, disability, pregnancy, and some other social benefits by 15%, Radio Lithuania reports. The 5.5 billion coupons needed for the increases will be taken from planned subsidies to agriculture. The poverty line will be raised from 2,210 to 2,430 coupons per month and the minimum wage from 2,350 to 2,710. Saulius Girnius [As of 1200 CET] Compiled by Wendy Slater and Charles Trumbull THE RFE/RL DAILY REPORT IS PRODUCED BY THE RFE/RL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (A DIVISION OF RADIO FREE EUROPE/RADIO LIBERTY, INC.) with the assistance of the RFE/RL News and Current Affairs Division (NCA). The report is available by electronic mail via LISTSERV (RFERL-L@UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU), on the Sovset' computer bulletin board, by fax, and by postal mail. For inquiries about specific news items, subscriptions, or additional copies, please contact: in North America: Mr. Brian Reed, RFE/RL, Inc., 1201 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 Telephone: (202) 457-6912 or -6907; Fax: (202) 457-6992 or 828-8783; Internet: RIDC@RFERL.ORG or Elsewhere: Ms. Helga Hofer, Publications Department, RFE/RL Research Institute, Oettingenstrasse 67, 8000 Munich 22, Germany;.Telephone: (+49 89) 2102-2631 or -2624; Fax: (+49 89) 2102-2648, Internet: PD@RFERL.ORG 1993, RFE/RL, Inc. All rights reserved.RFE/RL Daily Report
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